Abstract: A hermetically sealed quasi-planar integrated circuit suitable for millimeter-wave transmission. The circuit is enclosed within a module having a metal frame soldered to a quartz window. Active elements, such as beam-lead diodes, are mounted on a conductive layer housed within the frame. The assembly is evacuated and may be filled with an inert gas to avoid condensation in humid operating conditions. The invention is particularly adaptable to use in a cross-bar signal mixer at frequencies up to 140 GHz. The structure is adaptable to cooling to reduce circuit losses and improve performance and operating efficiency. Resonant cavities are provided to permit tuning the mixer to fixed frequencies.

Abstract: The invention is a cross-bar signal mixer suitable for low-cost high-yield mass production. The mixer configuration consists of a balanced planar taper section supported upon a dielectric substrate placed across the carrier and local oscillator wave guides perpendicular to the direction of electromagnetic energy propagation. Beam lead mixer diodes are connected across the feed-point of the taper section. The local oscillator energy is injected in transverse electric mode relation at the junction of the two mixer diodes, thereby effectively decoupling the local oscillator from the carrier signal input. The intermediate frequency energy is abstracted from the same point as the local oscillator energy is injected and is decoupled by a low-pass filter. The local oscillator and the intermediate frequency circuits are incorporated on the same planar substrate as the carrier signal circuit and are therefore not critical in design.

Abstract: Microwave devices for power conversion between harmonically related frequencies, using an oversized cavity and antenna means to provide the required coupling to a varactor therein.