Abstract: This invention relates to a durable press treatment for textile fabrics containing cellulosic fibers and which is characterized by avoiding the use of formaldehyde and problems associated therewith. The fabric is impregnated with a formaldehyde-free finishing agent containing glyoxal, reactive silicone, a catalyst and a buffering agent for reducing the acidity of the fabric. The fabric is thereafter dried and the finishing agent is cured to impart durable press properties to the fabric.

Abstract: Process of treating waste water from a textile vat dyeing operation containing water, vat dyes, and dissolved and undissolved impurities including salts, lint, foreign matter, etc. to produce a concentrate suitable for direct reuse in the vat dyeing operation to conserve the use of dyes and water, as follows. Undissolved impurities of a predetermined particle size are filtered out. Thereafter, the waste water is concentrated and filtered down to a concentrate of a ratio of from about 30/1 to 200/1 while removing excess water and a substantial portion of the remaining impurities and retaining substantially all of the vat dyes and a desired amount of water.