Abstract: To measure the distance to targets, local maxima exceeding a threshold (&egr;) and being associated with a correlation function (f) are determined, the reference values of which are obtained from scalar products of a received signal (e), produced by reflections of an optical pulse by the targets, and number of comparison functions, copies of a reference function (r) which are shifted as a function of time, and the transit times of the reflections are derived from the time-related shifts of the corresponding comparison functions. By interpolation with respect to the time-related shifts or optimization thereof, for example by adjusting them so that the orthogonal distance of the received signal (e) from the vector space which is spanned by the corresponding comparison functions is a minimum, the transit times can be determined even more accurately.

Abstract: An arrangement for measuring the direction of the geomagnetic field {right arrow over (B)}E, in the proximity of a magnetic jamming device with a magnetic field direction variable as a function of time, which is distinguished by the fact that at least two magnetic field measuring devices are provided, each of which measures all three vector components of the total magnetic field ({right arrow over (B)}1,{right arrow over (B)}2), the magnetic field measuring devices have a position, ({right arrow over (r)}0,{right arrow over (r)}1,{right arrow over (r)}2) which is invariable as a function of time and is fixed relative to one another and relative to the jamming device, and the measured values can be called up synchronously and can be evaluated according to {right arrow over (B)}E=({right arrow over (B)}1+{right arrow over (B)}2)/2+P·({right arrow over (B)}1−{right arrow over (B)}2), P({right arrow over (r)}0,{right arrow over (r)}1,{right arrow over (r)}2) describing the geometric

Abstract: A toroidal or similar body (1) of a non-magnetic, insulating material, preferably glass fibre-reinforced plastic or ceramic is provided with at least three recesses for receiving in each case a corresponding one magnetoresistive sensor. The associated measuring directions of said sensors are orthogonal to one another. For producing a magnetic auxiliary field applied to the sensors, a coil is arranged on the body. for increasing the accuracy and reliability of the measured result, the body is provided with at least one further recess for receiving a further sensor. The measuring direction of the further sensor differs from that of other sensors and forms preferably the same angle with the other measuring directions. The body can be in multipart form and is in particular made from two identical parts.The apparatus can be used in electronic compasses and for north finding devices.

Abstract: A discoloration in a marginal zone of the cheese or cheese product is produced by locally limited heat or thermal action of predetermined duration and with a treatment temperature between the plasticity temperature and the combustion or burning temperature of the products. In this way there can be effectively applied a marking, such as desired characters or symbols on the cheese or cheese product.