Abstract: Processes of catalytically pyrolyzing solid hydrocarbonaceous materials in a downflow fluid bed reactor and regenerating the catalyst in an upflow fluidized bed reactor are described. Systems and compositions useful in the catalytic pyrolysis of plastics are also described.

Abstract: A process that separates the fillers found in plastics from catalyst and the gases in a fluid bed catalytic pyrolysis process for the conversion of waste plastics, polymers, and other waste materials to useful chemical and fuel products such as paraffins, olefins, and aromatics such as BTX, is described.

Abstract: X-ray apparatus 10 includes an X-ray source (22), an X-ray detector (28) facing the X-ray source. Inlet (6) accepts a stream of particles and a guide system (18) guides the stream of particles (16) in free space between the X-ray source (22) and detector (28) so that X-ray analysis can be carried out on the particles in the stream (16) in a sample region (21) between the source (22) and the detector (28).

Abstract: X-ray apparatus 10 includes an X-ray source (22), an X-ray detector (28) facing the X-ray source. Inlet (6) accepts a stream of particles and a guide system (18) guides the stream of particles (16) in free space between the X-ray source (22) and detector (28) so that X-ray analysis can be carried out on the particles in the stream (16) in a sample region (21) between the source (22) and the detector (28).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of a powder coating, in which a suspension of powder particles is sprayed and the spray jet is directed onto the substrate to be coated, characterized in that1.) a suspension of powder particles in a liquefied gas is employed, the gas having been liquefied under a pressure of not more than 20 bar, and2.) the liquid gas is vaporized before, during or after the spraying of the suspension.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pneumatically conveying material in form of granular solids or the like includes a feeder sending the material under pressure and addition of carrier gas in a transport pipe such that its cross sectional area is only partly filled with the material. The transport pipe is subdivided by vibration compensators into several pipe sections of a length of up to several meters which are subjected to vibrations so that the wall friction between the material and the transport pipe is reduced in such a manner that at a flow pattern similar to a strand/crown flow up to a plug flow the carrier gas is charged with material to a high degree and a material layer forming at the pipe bottom is also conveyed. The pipe sections may be made of a rigid vibrating material or may be made in form of a flexible hose which is mounted on a support and either directly or indirectly subjected to vibrations.

Abstract: Solid material which is carried out of a fluidized bed reactor with the gas discharged therefrom and which is separated off in a separator is returned to the reactor by way of a recycling means. To reduce problems caused by virtue of differing pressure levels within the system in the recycling operation, the pressure in the recycling means between the separator and the upper boundary of a bed of solid material which is formed in the recycling means is reduced by suction removal of gas to a pressure level which is no higher than or even lower than the lowest pressure in the separator which in turn is lower than the pressure in the reactor.

Abstract: The combustion chamber of the oven is bounded at the top by a lid which can be swung open and at the bottom by a grating. The grating has one or more sections which pivot about an axis to dump slag. A hollow interior of the grating forms a section of the exhaust gas system. The lid includes a channel for air supply, the air passing through a perforated plate in the bottom of the lid into the combustion chamber. A perforated tube extending vertically along the axis of the combustion chamber opens into the channel in the lid and supplies air down into combustible materials filled into the combustion chamber. The depth to which the air is supplied can be regulated by a piston which can be adjusted vertically within the tube to extend the air flow to the depth desired. The incinerator is filled from above in layers.

Abstract: Apparatus for generating minimally delayed closing instructions for turbine valves of turbo-generator sets in the event of power system short circuits wherein major faults resulting in a drop in the system voltage are detected and act upon the valve means controlling the fluid flow to the turbine in such manner that a rapid closure of the valve means prevents the turbo-generator from falling out of step in the case of a sustained fault condition. A provisional valve-closing signal is produced upon a predetermined drop in the system voltage but this is cancelled in the event that the ensuing acceleration of the turbo-generator set does not increase to a predetermined level within two revolutions of the set.