Abstract: A peptide for treating rheumatoid arthritis and use thereof are provided, and a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, or SEQ ID NO: 5 or a polynucleotide encoding the same, and a pharmaceutical composition for treating rheumatoid arthritis or a health functional food composition for improving rheumatoid arthritis, each including the peptide, are provided.

Abstract: Current transfer ratio temperature variation of an optocoupler is compensated by generation and summing of an optically generated current with a temperature dependent multiple of the optically generated current at the detector of the optocoupler.

Abstract: An apparatus (and method) is provided that reduces thermal interference in the read signal of a disk drive. A variable or programmable resistance is used to change the transfer function of a filter in the read channel of the disk drive to filter the read signal. The filter has a first transfer function (first cut-off frequency) related to the programmed resistance during normal operation of the disk drive (i.e. when thermal interference is not detected). When thermal interference is detected in the read signal, the resistance is programmed to another value resulting in the filter having a second transfer function (second cut-off frequency). The resistance element is variable or programmable to different values resulting in different programmable transfer functions (or one of a multitude of cut-off frequencies) for the filter.

Abstract: A power down brake latch circuit for dynamically braking a spindle motor in a disk drive system is disclosed. The power down brake latch circuit includes a reservoir capacitor, a smoothing capacitor, a timing circuit, and a logic circuit. The timing circuit includes a voltage divider and a bandgap comparator. The smoothing capacitor absorbs a BEMF voltage from the spindle motor as it rotates after losing power. The timing circuit generates a first signal when a voltage on the smoothing capacitor falls below a threshold. The logic circuit brakes the spindle motor in response to the loss of power and the generation of the first signal.

Abstract: A method and a circuit for detecting zero crossing points for a brushless, sensorless, three-phase DC motor operated in a PWM mode. The circuit senses a BEMF signal in a floating coil and generates a first signal when the BEMF signal is separated from the center tap voltage by a selected offset voltage amount. The circuit overrides the PWM mode and drives a high side driving transistor to a conducting state until the zero crossing point is detected.