Abstract: A method for starting an internal combustion thermal engine of a hybrid vehicle having: the thermal engine provided with a drive shaft; at least one pair of driving wheels; a transmission, which transmits the motion from the thermal engine to the driving wheels and has a clutch; and an electric machine, which is mechanically connected to the clutch downstream of the clutch, so that the clutch is interposed between the electric machine and the thermal engine; the starting method includes the steps of: opening the clutch to separate the electric machine from the thermal engine; separating the electric machine from the driving wheels; making the electric machine rotate by operating the electric machine as a motor; and closing the clutch when the electric machine reaches a launch rotation speed.

Abstract: An embodiment of a braking system for a vehicle to control a regenerative braking; the braking system is provided with: a plurality of hydraulically operated mechanical brakes; a hydraulic braking circuit connected to the mechanical brakes; a brake pump to raise pressure in the hydraulic braking circuit; a brake pedal mobile between a resting position and a maximal braking position; a connecting cap, which mechanically connects the brake pedal to the brake pump, and is divided into two reciprocally independent parts; an elastic system which tends to push the brake pedal towards the resting position; a position sensor to read the position of a part of the connecting cap integral to the brake pedal; and a pilot system to pilot an energy recovery system for effecting a regenerative braking and uses the position of the part of the connecting cap integral to the brake pedal provided by the position sensor.

Abstract: Transmission for a road vehicle with hybrid propulsion; the transmission having: a gearbox provided with one primary shaft, one secondary shaft and at least one pump actuated by an activating shaft; at least one clutch connected to the primary shaft and having a part which is normally conductive and can be connected to a drive shaft of a thermal engine; a reversible electric machine having a shaft mechanically connectable to the primary shaft; a first mechanical transmission which transmits the motion from the normally conductive part of the clutch to the activating shaft; and a second mechanical transmission which transmits the motion from the shaft of the electric machine to the activating shaft.

Abstract: A vehicle with hybrid drive having: a thermal engine provided with a drive shaft and having a block which houses the drive shaft and two heads which house the cylinders and are arranged in a “V” configuration; a cooling system provided with a hydraulic circuit in which a cooling fluid flows; a reversible electric machine placed above the block of the thermal engine and between the two heads; an auxiliary device; a mechanical transmission which connects the first electric machine, the auxiliary device and the drive shaft of the thermal engine to one another; and a freewheel interposed between the first mechanical transmission and the drive shaft of the thermal engine; the hydraulic circuit of the cooling system has a main branch which cools the thermal engine, and a secondary branch which is connected as an offtake to the main branch and cools the first electric machine; the secondary branch is connected as an offtake to the main branch by an inlet pipe and by an outlet pipe, which extend downwards from a lowe

Abstract: A cooling system for a vehicle with hybrid propulsion; the cooling system is provided with a hydraulic circuit, inside which a cooling fluid flows, and has: a main branch, which carries out the cooling of a heat engine and comprises at least a first pump mechanically operated by the heat engine, and at least one radiator which is hit by air when the vehicle is moving; and a secondary branch, which is connected in parallel to the main branch by means of a starting offtake and an arrival offtake, has no heat exchangers of the water/air type, carries out the cooling of a reversible electric machine which may be mechanically connected to the driving wheels, and of a first electronic power converter which controls the electric machine, and comprises at least a second pump electrically operated.

Abstract: Described herein is a frame for a motor vehicle having a first body and a second body, which are rigidly connected to one another in such a way that they can be taken apart; the first body has a first connection bar set in a transverse direction, and the second body has a second connection bar set in a transverse direction, which is set parallel to, faces, and is in direct contact with the first connection bar and is bolted to the first connection bar itself by means of a number of bolts arranged vertically.

Abstract: An embodiment of a system for the storage of electric energy with reduced thickness for a vehicle with electric propulsion; the storage system has: a support plane; and a plurality of chemical batteries, each of which includes at least one electrochemical cell which rests on the support plane and has a flat parallelepiped shape with two mutually parallel, opposite larger bases; in each chemical battery the electrochemical cell is arranged parallel to the support plane and rests a larger lower base on the support plane; and each chemical battery includes its own compression system which presses directly on a larger upper base of the electrochemical cell opposite to the larger lower base, keeps the electrochemical cell pressed against the support plane, and is independent from the compression systems of the other batteries.

Abstract: Described herein is a frame for a motor vehicle having a first body and a second body, which are rigidly connected to one another in such a way that they can be taken apart; the first body has a first connection bar set in a transverse direction, and the second body has a second connection bar set in a transverse direction, which is set parallel to, faces, and is in direct contact with the first connection bar and is bolted to the first connection bar itself by means of a number of bolts arranged vertically.

Abstract: A cooling system for a vehicle with hybrid propulsion, the cooling system including a hydraulic circuit, within which a refrigerant flows, with a main branch to cool of a thermal engine, and a secondary branch to cool electrical components and at least one common radiator, which comprises a first portion, that is normally used by the main branch of the hydraulic circuit and has at least two trays arranged at the ends, and a second portion that is normally used by the secondary branch of the hydraulic circuit and has at least two trays arranged at the ends.

Abstract: An embodiment of an electrical system of a vehicle with electric propulsion achieved by at least one electrical machine; the electrical system has: a storage section provided with at least one battery including of a plurality of cells, each of which is coupled in series with the other cells and is provided with a bypass branch that is coupled in parallel to the cell and has a bypass switch; a section of traction that interacts with the electric machine and is equipped with a power electronic converter that exchanges electrical energy with the storage section; and a section of the auxiliaries, which powers auxiliary services of the vehicle, has a buffer battery and is electrically powered by the storage section; a first connector switch coupling the storage section to the section of traction; and a second connector switch coupling the storage section to the section of the auxiliaries.

Abstract: A metal automobile frame including a number of extruded, constant-section linear bars welded to one another at structural nodes defined by connecting bodies with pockets for housing the linear bars. A pierced linear bar includes a number of tabs, each of which is located inside the pierced linear bar, extends perpendicularly from a side of the pierced linear bar, and is sized so as not to interfere with the opening in the pierced linear bar.

Abstract: An automotive electric machine provided with: a stator; a rotor, which is rotationally mounted coaxially to the stator and inside the stator to rotate about a rotation axis; a shaft, which is rotationally mounted about the rotation axis, supports the rotor, and is hollow inside so as to have a longitudinal, central cooling channel filled with a cooling fluid; at least one pushing element, which is arranged inside the cooling channel, is integral with the shaft to rotate with the shaft itself about the rotation axis, and is helical-shaped to define at least one worm which extends within the cooling channel along the rotation axis to push the cooling fluid along the rotation axis due to its rotation.

Abstract: Transmission for a road vehicle with hybrid propulsion; the transmission having: a gearbox provided with one primary shaft, one secondary shaft and at least one pump actuated by an activating shaft; at least one clutch connected to the primary shaft and having a part which is normally conductive and can be connected to a drive shaft of a thermal engine; a reversible electric machine having a shaft mechanically connectable to the primary shaft; a first mechanical transmission which transmits the motion from the normally conductive part of the clutch to the activating shaft; and a second mechanical transmission which transmits the motion from the shaft of the electric machine to the activating shaft.

Abstract: A composite bar for the chassis of a vehicle; the composite bar consists of at least two extruded elements which are internally hollow and are butt jointed at a junction area; each extruded element has a trapezoidal cross section having a major base, a minor base parallel and opposite to the major base, and two side walls; a first end of a first extruded element arranged in the junction area has no major base; and a second end of a second extruded element arranged in the junction area is interference fitted into the first end through the missing major base.

Abstract: A vehicle with hybrid drive having: a thermal engine provided with a drive shaft and having a block which houses the drive shaft and two heads which house the cylinders and are arranged in a “V” configuration; a cooling system provided with a hydraulic circuit in which a cooling fluid flows; a reversible electric machine placed above the block of the thermal engine and between the two heads; an auxiliary device; a mechanical transmission which connects the first electric machine, the auxiliary device and the drive shaft of the thermal engine to one another; and a freewheel interposed between the first mechanical transmission and the drive shaft of the thermal engine; the hydraulic circuit of the cooling system has a main branch which cools the thermal engine, and a secondary branch which is connected as an offtake to the main branch and cools the first electric machine; the secondary branch is connected as an offtake to the main branch by an inlet pipe and by an outlet pipe, which extend downwards from a lowe

Abstract: A starting method of an internal combustion thermal engine of a vehicle with hybrid propulsion provided with a transmission equipped with a twin-clutch gearbox and a reversible electric machine connected to a first primary shaft; the starting method including the steps of: making the electric machine work as an engine for producing a torque; partially closing a first clutch connected to the first primary shaft in order to make the first clutch itself slip to transmit part of the torque generated by the electric machine to a drive shaft of the thermal engine; engaging a gear coupled to a second primary shaft to mechanically connect the second primary shaft itself to the driving wheels; and closing partially a second clutch connected to the second primary shaft in order to make the second clutch itself slip and transmit part of the torque generated by the electric machine to the driving wheels.

Abstract: Transmission for a road vehicle with hybrid propulsion; the transmission comprises: a gearbox provided with one primary shaft, one secondary shaft and at least one pump actuated by an activating shaft; at least one clutch connected to the primary shaft and presenting a part which is normally conductive which can be connected to a drive shaft of a thermal engine; at least one reversible electric machine presenting a shaft mechanically connectable to the primary shaft; a first mechanical transmission which transmits motion from the normally conductive part of the clutch to the activating shaft; and a second mechanical transmission which transmits motion from the shaft of the electric machine to the activating shaft.

Abstract: An electric traction vehicle having: at least one pair of driving wheels; at least one reversible electric machine which can be mechanically connected to the driving wheels; an electronic power converter which pilots the electric machine; a storage system, which is aimed at storing electric energy, is connected to the electronic power converter and comprises at least one storage device; a passenger compartment; an air conditioning system of the passenger compartment which fulfills the function of regulating the temperature inside the passenger compartment; and a cooling system, which is completely independent and separate from the air conditioning system of the passenger compartment and uses a compression refrigeration cycle to cool at least one of the electric components, i.e. the electric machine, the electronic power converter and the storage system.

Abstract: A method for starting an internal combustion thermal engine of a hybrid vehicle having: the thermal engine provided with a drive shaft; at least one pair of driving wheels; a transmission, which transmits the motion from the thermal engine to the driving wheels and has a clutch; and an electric machine, which is mechanically connected to the clutch downstream of the clutch, so that the clutch is interposed between the electric machine and the thermal engine; the starting method includes the steps of: opening the clutch to separate the electric machine from the thermal engine; separating the electric machine from the driving wheels; making the electric machine rotate by operating the electric machine as a motor; and closing the clutch when the electric machine reaches a launch rotation speed.

Abstract: Described herein is a frame for a motor vehicle having a first body and a second body, which are rigidly connected to one another in such a way that they can be taken apart; the first body has a first connection bar set in a transverse direction, and the second body has a second connection bar set in a transverse direction, which is set parallel to, faces, and is in direct contact with the first connection bar and is bolted to the first connection bar itself by means of a number of bolts arranged vertically.