Abstract: A method includes: mapping a to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual connection based on a mapping relationship between an identifier of the to-be-transmitted service flow and an identifier of the virtual connection; mapping the to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual bearer based on a mapping relationship between the identifier of the virtual connection and an identifier of the virtual bearer; and mapping the to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual bearer queue based on a mapping relationship between a quality of service characteristic identifier of the to-be-transmitted service flow and an identifier of the virtual bearer queue in the virtual bearer, to transmit the to-be-transmitted service flow to an OLT.

Abstract: A method includes: mapping a to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual connection based on a mapping relationship between an identifier of the to-be-transmitted service flow and an identifier of the virtual connection; mapping the to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual bearer based on a mapping relationship between the identifier of the virtual connection and an identifier of the virtual bearer; and mapping the to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual bearer queue based on a mapping relationship between a quality of service characteristic identifier of the to-be-transmitted service flow and an identifier of the virtual bearer queue in the virtual bearer, to transmit the to-be-transmitted service flow to an OLT.

Abstract: An electrical appliance includes a housing, an electric unit mounted within the housing, a winding unit mounted within the housing and including a reel member, an electrical wire connected electrically to the electric unit and wound around the reel member, and a latch unit engaging releasably the reel member to prevent the reel member from rotation in a winding direction of the reel member. The electrical wire has one end provided with a plug portion. The housing has at least one insert hole proximate to the latch unit for extension of the plug portion therethrough so as to press and disengage the latch unit from the reel member, thereby permitting the winding unit to wind the electrical wire.

Abstract: An electrical appliance includes a housing, an electric unit mounted within the housing, a winding unit mounted within the housing and including a reel member, an electrical wire connected electrically to the electric unit and wound around the reel member, and a latch unit engaging releasably the reel member to prevent the reel member from rotation in a winding direction of the reel member. The electrical wire has one end provided with a plug portion. The housing has at least one insert hole proximate to the latch unit for extension of the plug portion there through so as to press and disengage the latch unit from the reel member, thereby permitting the winding unit to wind the electrical wire.

Abstract: An improved method for grinding a semiconductor chip to prepare it for scanning with SEM to view a defect includes the step of forming an electrically conductive coating on the top surface of the chip. The coating is made under a mask that produces a U shaped conductive pattern so that an electrical path is formed on the top surface of the chip between two corners of the pattern. An initial resistance measurement is made for this path and a known amount of the chip below the U shape is ground away and a second resistance measurement is made. From these measurements, a calculation is made that gives the resistance when the chip has been ground to a selected section line. The grinding operation then proceeds until this resistance is reached, and the usual practice of visually checking the chip during the grinding operation is avoided. The mask creates a point at the bottom of the U shape that points to the defect.