Patents by Inventor Frank Benjamin Kaufman

Frank Benjamin Kaufman has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Reflective spatial light modulator array including a light blocking layer
    Patent number: 7468766
    Abstract: A reflective spatial light modulator array is described incorporating liquid crystal devices, mirrors, a semiconductor substrate, electrical circuits, and a light blocking layer. The light blocking layer can be a reflector/absorber layer containing titanium. The light blocking layer can be a layer resulting in attenuation of incident light below a certain level at the semiconductor substrate. The invention overcomes the problem of shielding light from semiconductor devices, high optical throughput and contrast, pixel storage capacitance to hold the voltage across the liquid crystal device and precise control of the liquid crystal device thickness without spacers obscuring the mirrors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 18, 1997
    Date of Patent: December 23, 2008
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Evan George Colgan, James McKell Edwin Harper, Frank Benjamin Kaufman, Margaret Paggi Manny, Robert Lee Melcher, James Louis Speidell
  • Reflective spatial light modulator array
    Patent number: 6424388
    Abstract: Reflective spatial light modulator array is described incorporating liquid crystal devices, mirrors, a semiconductor substrate, electrical circuits, and a reflector/absorber layer for blocking light. The invention overcomes the problem of shielding light from semiconductor devices, high optical throughput and contrast, pixel storage capacitance to hold the voltage across the liquid crystal device and precise control of the liquid crystal device thickness without spacers obscuring the mirrors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 29, 1998
    Date of Patent: July 23, 2002
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Evan George Colgan, James McKell Edwin Harper, Frank Benjamin Kaufman, Margaret Paggi Manny, Robert Lee Melcher, James Louis Speidell
  • Reflective spatial light modulator array
    Patent number: 5706067
    Abstract: A reflective spatial light modulator array is described incorporating liquid crystal devices, mirrors, a semiconductor substrate, electrical circuits, and a reflector/absorber layer for blocking light. The invention overcomes the problem of shielding light from semiconductor devices, high optical throughput and contrast, pixel storage capacitance to hold the voltage across the liquid crystal device and precise control of the liquid crystal device thickness without spacers obscuring the mirrors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 21, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 6, 1998
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Evan George Colgan, James Mckell Edwin Harper, Frank Benjamin Kaufman, Margaret Paggi Manny, Robert Lee Melcher, James Louis Speidell
  • Process of optically printing highly conductive character utilizing a medium containing a halogenated hydrocarbon photoactivator and a tetrathiafulvalene or a related compound thereof
    Patent number: 4082552
    Abstract: A method of optically printing conductive characters using charge transfer compounds is provided. The method is characterized by depositing an organic .pi. electron donor compound dissolved in a halogenated hydrocarbon (halocarbon) on a suitable substrate and selectively exposing the so coated substrate to actinic radiation to obtain a permanent, highly conductive, image.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 17, 1977
    Date of Patent: April 4, 1978
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Edward Martin Engler, Frank Benjamin Kaufman, Bruce Albert Scott
  • Highly conductive printing medium containing a halogenated hydrocarbon photoactivator and a tetrathiafulvalene or a related compound thereof
    Patent number: 4036648
    Abstract: A method of optically printing conductive characters using charge transfer compounds is provided. The method is characterized by depositing an organic .pi. electron donor compound dissolved in a halogenated hydrocarbon (halocarbon) on a suitable substrate and selectively exposing the so coated substrate to actinic radiation to obtain a permanent, highly conductive, image.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 1975
    Date of Patent: July 19, 1977
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Edward Martin Engler, Frank Benjamin Kaufman, Bruce Albert Scott