Abstract: A lateral flow device is disclosed. The lateral flow device includes a substrate having a flow path and a detection zone disposed along the flow path. The detection zone includes an immobilized target-binding moiety directed against a target of a Raman-active complex. Also disclosed is a method of conducting a lateral flow assay and detection system. The method includes i) defining a flow path having a detection zone; ii) flowing a sample down the flow path; and iii) immobilizing a Raman-active complex if present, at the detection zone. The sample includes a Raman-active complex or a Raman-active tag.

Abstract: A composition is provided which comprises at least one non-polar solvent in an amount less than 100 percent based on the total weight of the solution, at least one polar co-solvent in an amount up to 10 percent based on the total weight of the solution, at least one ionic surfactant, and at least one emulsifier in a sufficient amount to form a stable emulsion. The aforementioned composition may be employed to clean both polar and non-polar stains from various articles.

Abstract: An assay method for screening microorganism-containing compositions for degradation capacity via the 2,3-dioxygenase pathway includes a first step of contacting the microorganism with a polychlorinated aromatic compound which is not susceptible to such degradation but which, when anaerobically dechlorinated, affords products which are susceptible to such degradation. The resulting product is contacted in a second step with an indicator microorganism encoding the first three steps but not the fourth step of the 2,3-dioxygenase route, and the presence of color in the resulting product is an indication that dechlorination took place in the first step. The presence in a test sample of halogenated aromatic compounds capable of degradation by the 2,3-dioxidase pathway can be determined by employing the second step alone.

Abstract: A method is provided for converting 4-substituted biphenyls, such as 4-hydroxybiphenyl, to the corresponding 3,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl utilizing mutant strains of Alcaligenes eutrophus or Pseudomonas putida. Hydroxylation of the unsubstituted biphenyl ring to the corresponding (1S-cis)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol and its conversion to the corresponding triacetate, followed by treatment in base to form 3,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl is also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for converting 4-substituted biphenyls, such as 4-hydroxybiphenyl, to the corresponding 3,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl utilizing mutant strains of Alcaligenes eutrophus or Pseudomonas putida. Hydroxylation of the unsubstituted biphenyl ring to the corresponding (1S-cis)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol and its conversion to the corresponding triacetate, followed by treatment in base to form 3,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl is also provided.