Abstract: A column for use in chromatography, the column having a tube with a bore that can contain a packing medium captured between two porous plugs positioned at opposite ends. End fittings are attached to the tube ends, the end fittings having a duct with a duct opening having a diameter at least as large as the diameter of the tube bore which it faces. The duct opening may be positioned within a recess in spaced apart relation to the porous plugs to prevent the end fitting from contacting the plug and burnishing its surface.

Abstract: A column for use in chromatography, the column having a tube with a bore that can contain a packing medium captured between two porous plugs positioned at opposite ends. End fittings are attached to the tube ends, the end fittings having a duct with a duct opening having a diameter at least as large as the diameter of the tube bore which it faces. The duct opening may be positioned within a recess in spaced apart relation to the porous plugs to prevent the end fitting from contacting the plug and burnishing its surface.

Abstract: A chub cartridge containing a water-bearing blasting agent and having a film wrap of a cross-laminate of oriented film layers has at least one unlaminated zone in the film wrap in the longitudinal direction, or preferably is adapted to form a zone of multiple delaminations along said direction by virtue of scoring, the latter being the site of delamination when the cartridge has end-pressure applied to it with a tamping rod. The different layers fail in different directions along the unlaminated zone, affording a measure of integrity to the cartridge if roughly handled, as well as ease of rupture on tamping. The cartridge also has good abrasion and tear resistance, and dimensional stability.