Abstract: A solar module having a laminate with two lateral edges, an upper edge and a lower edge. A frame profile extended along a direction of extension is secured on at least one of the lateral and/or upper and/or lower edges of the laminate. The frame profile has in cross-section an outer edge and a U-shaped receiving section with upper and lower U-shaped limbs for receiving one of the laminate edges, and is integrally constructed from a metal strip, which forms the outer edge of the frame profile with an edge plane. The upper U-shaped limb is configured as an upturn of the entire metal strip from the edge plane, and the lower U-shaped limb is configured as metal support sections adjacent in the direction of extension and spaced apart from one another, which metal support sections are bent away from the edge plane as integral parts of the metal strip.

Abstract: A method for picking up a substrate includes leading an electrostatic holder to the substrate, applying an electrical voltage having a first voltage value to the electrostatic holder in such a way that the substrate is accelerated in the direction of the electrostatic holder, and reducing the voltage applied to the electrostatic holder to a second voltage value, the absolute value of which is lower than the first voltage value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modular carrier for receiving, storing and transporting thin planar workpieces/semi-finished products, such as wafers for photovoltaic elements, in vertical positions that are parallel to each other and uniformly spaced. This problem is solved by a modular design of the carrier. The required components are combined into three modules. The first module is the groove plate having the horizontal support arranged beneath in an angled shape. The second module is formed by the two U-shaped end plates. The third module comprises the spacer rods, which are arranged between said two U-shaped end plates and of which two in each case receive a groove plate at the top and the bottom. The groove plates and the spacer rods are used at the length L, wherein the length L is uniformly graduated. In this way, the carrier can be produced in the length L or n×L, with n always being an integer.