Abstract: Low transparency, or colored, copper oxide is taught as a new electrochromic material, in combination with a metallic oxide. The material is formed by application of the copper oxide to a substrate followed by application of the metallic oxide. A low-E glass substrate is heated, and cupric acetylacetonate powder is sprayed at the glass; the cupric acetylacetonate powder is atomized with dry oxygen. The glass/SN.sub.N O.sub.2 F/Cu.sub.x O system is then re-heated. After reheating, tungsten hexachloride dissolved in N,N-dimethyl formamide is sprayed at the copper oxide on the substrate. In a sample material, visible transmission is improved from 33% for copper oxide alone, to 65%.

Abstract: A pyrolitic deposition process, for pyrolitic deposition of organo-cupric powder to form copper oxide film, is improved. A substrate is heated, and organocupric powder is sprayed at the substrate, using oxygen gas as the carrier gas. Up to one-third greater deposition rate results, as compared to the process using compressed air as the carrier gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for inhibiting significant oxidation of a film on a substrate during heating of the substrate. The method includes providing a metal or metal oxide film on a substrate and providing a material adjacent to the film. The substrate is then heated to a temperature sufficient to cause the substrate to bend and the material adjacent to the film reacts in such a way as to protect the metal or metal oxide film on the substrate from further significantly oxidizing.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein, as a new article of manufacutre, a glass substrate coated with tin oxide and a method of making the same. According to the method, in order to produce the new article of manufacture, a glass substrate with a selected surface is heated to a temperature sufficiently hot so that a heat decomposable, tin-containing material coming into the vicinity of the selected surface will be heat decomposed permitting the tin contained in the tin-containing material to be oxidized and deposited as tin oxide on the selected surface. The tin-containing material, which is applied to the heated glass surface is a coating material containing alkyltin alkoxides of the general formula RSn(OR.sup.1).sub.3 where R and R.sup.1 are organo groups containing from 1-6 carbon atoms, whereby a thicker coating film of oxidized tin is deposited on the selected surface of the glass substrate than can be deposited by previously used tin coating materials under the same application and temperature conditions.

Abstract: This invention is directed to electrochromic devices wherein a layer of cathodic electrochromic material comprising non-stoichiometric, oxygen deficient metal oxides is provided by pyrolytic deposition techniques. The pyrolytic deposition is of a compound comprising a powdered metal compound and a reducing agent or a liquid composition and a reducing agent. The pyrolytic deposition can also be accomplished by a powdered composition or a liquid composition dispersed in a carrier gas.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a method of making a glass substrate coated with an adherent, doped, tin oxide coating and article produced thereby. The glass substrate is heated to a spraying temperature which is sufficiently hot so that a heat decomposable, tin-containing material coming into the vicinity of the glass substrate will be heat decomposed permitting the tin contained in the tin-containing material to be oxidized and deposited as a doped tin oxide. The tin-containing material is applied in an oxygen ambient and is a material which contains both dibutyltin dibutoxide and trifluoroacetic acid. The preferred heating and application steps are undertaken under conditions that the spraying temperature and the ratio of milliliters of dibutyltin dibutoxide to milliliters of trifluoroacetic acid contained in the tin-containing material fall at some point located on or within the island area designated by the letter A in the map of these variables as set forth in FIG. 1 of the drawings.

Abstract: This specification is directed to a method of improving the conductivity and lowering the emissivity of a doped tin oxide film on the surface of a soda lime silica glass sheet. The method includes the steps of heating the glass sheet to a temperature in a range from 1000.degree. F. to 1250.degree. F. Thereafter, a fluorine-containing compound is applied to a surface of the heated glass sheet to react therewith to form a film in which divalent oxygen atoms and hydroxyl ions on the surface of the glass sheet are replaced with monovalent fluorine atoms. In this manner, the surface of the glass sheet is brought closer to a state of electro-neutrality and the monovalent fluorine atoms form a more stable bond with soda and silica atoms of the surface of the glass sheet. Thereafter, a doped tin oxide film is applied to the film formed on the heated glass sheet to a thickness required to give the doped tin oxide film the desired conductivity and emissivity characteristics.