Abstract: A process for producing zeolite aggregates involves providing a formable paste composed of zeolite, a binder composed of an organic/metal oxide containing aluminum, a peptizing agent and water; forming the paste into an aggregate, preferably by extruding into an extrudate; curing the aggregate; hydro-thermally calcining the aggregate; and washing the hydro-thermally calcined aggregate with a washing medium, preferably followed by rinsing with a rinsing medium to remove residual washing medium from the aggregate. The washed and rinsed aggregate may then be permitted to equilibrate or is subjected to a drying procedure. Preferably, the washed and rinsed aggregate is again subjected to curing/hydro-thermal calcining.

Abstract: A process for producing zeolite aggregates involves providing a formable paste composed of zeolite, a binder composed of an organic/metal oxide containing aluminum, a peptizing agent and water; forming the paste into an aggregate, preferably by extruding into an extrudate; curing the aggregate; hydro-thermally calcining the aggregate; and washing the hydro-thermally calcined aggregate with a washing medium, preferably followed by rinsing with a rinsing medium to remove residual washing medium from the aggregate. The washed and rinsed aggregate may then be permitted to equilibrate or is subjected to a drying procedure. Preferably, the washed and rinsed aggregate is again subjected to curing/hydro-thermal calcining.

Abstract: Ortho-alkylated phenols are prepared by reacting phenol unsubstituted in at least one ortho position with an alcohol in the presence of an ortho-alkylation catalyst consisting of magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide or a mixture of both. The catalyst is used in the absence of a promoter compound and with or without polymeric binder.

Abstract: A catalyst precursor comprising a magnesium compound or material, optionally also containing other metal compounds, is activated for use by calcining at an elevated temperature in the presence of air or nitrogen, or under vacuum. The active catalyst which results may be used in processes for the ortho-alkylation of phenolic compounds, with good yields of and selectivity to the ortho-alkylated end product.

Abstract: A catalyst precursor comprised of a dry admixture of manganese carbonate and at least one material selected from among magnesium carbonate, basic magnesium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. The precursor is calcinable at elevated temperatures to an activated catalyst which may be used in a process for the ortho-alkylation of phenolic compounds.

Abstract: A catalyst precursor prepared by precipitating manganese hydroxide from caustic solution and then mixing the precipitate with a magnesium-containing material is described. The catalyst precursor can be calcined to an active form, and the resulting catalyst can be used to effect or facilitate the ortho-alkylation of phenolic compounds in vapor phase reactions. Superiority of performance is demonstrated with respect to a catalyst derived from a precursor in which manganese hydroxide is precipitated (sometimes referred to as "co-precipitation") in the presence of a magnesium compound, rather than formed separately.

Abstract: A catalyst precursor comprised of a dry admixture of manganese carbonate and at least one material selected from among magnesium carbonate, basic magnesium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. The precursor is calcinable at elevated temperatures to an activated catalyst which may be used in a process for the ortho-alkylation of phenolic compounds.

Abstract: A catalyst precursor comprised of a dry admixture of manganese carbonate and at least one material selected from among magnesium carbonate, basic magnesium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. The precursor is calcinable at elevated temperatures to an activated catalyst which may be used in a process for the ortho-alkylation of phenolic compounds.

Abstract: A process for making ortho-alkylated phenols by reacting in the vapor phase an alkyl alcohol and a phenolic compound in the presence of an alkylation catalyst, said catalyst provided by a calcination residue of mixture comprising a magnesium-containing material and manganese hydroxide formed as a precipitate by bringing together an aqueous solution of a manganese salt and an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide in the presence of said magnesium-containing material.

Abstract: Ortho-alkylated phenols are prepared by reacting phenol unsubstituted in at least one ortho position with an alcohol in the presence of an ortho-alkylation catalyst consisting of magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide or a mixture of both. The catalyst is used in the absence of a promoter compound and with or without polymeric binder.