Abstract: A coupling shoe for attachment to a transducer module to couple ultrasound transmitted by the transducer module into a target object, the coupling shoe comprising a transducer engaging portion; a couplant chamber arranged to hold couplant; and a flexible membrane at least partially defining a probe surface for facing the target object through which couplant from the couplant chamber can seep for coupling ultrasound transmitted by the transducer module into the target object.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus for imaging an object, comprising an ultrasound transducer comprising a transmitter configured to transmit ultrasound signals in a first direction towards an object and a receiver configured to receive reflected ultrasound signals from an object; and a backing block for absorbing ultrasound signals, located adjacent the transducer along a second direction opposite to the first direction; the backing block comprising an inner surface facing the transducer, the inner surface comprising a non-planar feature configured to increase the absorption of ultrasound signals by the backing block.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus for imaging an object, the scanning apparatus comprising: a transmitter for transmitting ultrasound signals towards an object, a receiver for receiving ultrasound signals from an object, and a support, the transmitter and the receiver being coupled to the support; the scanning apparatus being capable of being operated with the support in a non-planar configuration thereby to scan a non-planar surface of an object.

Abstract: A scanning system for imaging an object, the scanning system comprising: a scanning apparatus configured to transmit ultrasound signals towards an object and to receive ultrasound signals reflected from an object whereby data pertaining to an internal structure of an object can be obtained; a location sensor for sensing a location of the scanning apparatus; and an instruction unit arranged to provide instructions to a user of the scanning system in dependence on the sensed location.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus for imaging an object, the scanning apparatus comprising: an ultrasound transducer comprising a transmitter structure configured to transmit ultrasound signals in a first direction towards an object and a receiver structure configured to receive reflected ultrasound signals from an object; in which the transmitter structure comprises a first transmitting element and a second transmitting element, the first and second transmitting elements being spatially offset in the first direction.

Abstract: Train detection security system and method for detecting a moving train are provided. The train detection security system includes one or more sensor units fixed to a rail of a rail track. The sensor units are arranged for detecting a first signal induced by a moving train and propagated through the rail. The system further includes a control unit including a signal processor arranged for receiving first sensor output signals representing the first signals from each of the one or more sensor units, processing the first sensor output signals and generating a train warning signal representing characteristics of the moving train based on envelope characteristics of the first sensor output signals.

Abstract: Train detection security system and method for detecting a moving train are provided. The train detection security system includes one or more sensor units fixed to a rail of a rail track. The sensor units are arranged for detecting a first signal induced by a moving train and propagated through the rail. The system further includes a control unit including a signal processor arranged for receiving first sensor output signals representing the first signals from each of the one or more sensor units, processing the first sensor output signals and generating a train warning signal representing characteristics of the moving train based on envelope characteristics of the first sensor output signals.

Abstract: A train detection security system and method include sensor units arranged for being fixed to at least one rail. The sensor units are arranged for detecting a first signal induced by a moving train. Each sensor unit is divided in at least a first chamber and a second chamber, where the first and second chambers are separated by an electromagnetic shield. The first chamber includes a piezoelectric element fixed to an outer wall of said first chamber, and an amplifier. A warning signal is generated in a control system based on the approaching train.

Abstract: A train detection security system and method include sensor units arranged for being fixed to at least one rail. The sensor units are arranged for detecting a first signal induced by a moving train. Each sensor unit is divided in at least a first chamber and a second chamber, where the first and second chambers are separated by an electromagnetic shield. The first chamber includes a piezoelectric element fixed to an outer wall of said first chamber, and an amplifier. A warning signal is generated in a control system based on the approaching train.

Abstract: Train detection security system and method for detecting a moving train are provided. The train detection security system includes one or more sensor units fixed to a rail of a rail track. The sensor units are arranged for detecting a first signal induced by a moving train and propagated through the rail. The system further includes a control unit including a signal processor arranged for receiving first sensor output signals representing the first signals from each of the one or more sensor units, processing the first sensor output signals and generating a train warning signal representing characteristics of the moving train based on envelope characteristics of the first sensor output signals.