Abstract: Moulding composition in the form of particles of a) at least one polyheteroaromatic compound or an aniline in the oxidised, polycationic form, especially polypyrrole, and b) at least one polyanion of a thermoplastic polymer having sulfated alcohol groups ##STR1## in recurring structural units. Mouldings obtained from the moulding compositions have a high electrical conductivity and good mechanical strength properties. The mouldings can be used as electrodes, electrically conductive fibers or components for electromagnetic screening. The pulverulent moulding compounds are also suitable as electrically conductive fillers for plastics.

Abstract: Salts of organic carboxylic acids can be separated from non-salt organic compounds using a semipermeable membrane consisting of a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer or a salt of such a polymer, by bringing a solution of the salts and the organic compounds in a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanol into contact with one side of the membrane and having the pure solvent on the opposite side of the membrane. The process can be used, for example, in purification processes or for recovering reactants from reaction residues.

Abstract: Photosensitive compositions of matter which are capable of undergoing condensation or addition reactions and may or may not be crosslinkable, and which contain an anthraquinone of the formula I ##STR1## in which X, X', R' and R" are as defined in Patent Claim 1 and X or X' is, for example, --OH or --NH.sub.2, at least one monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric compound which can be reacted with this antraquinone, for example, if X is --OH, a polymer with terminal glycidyl groups, and, where relevant, a crosslinking agent and/or a salt of a metal of group Ib or VIII of the periodic table, are suitable for image formation by means of electroless metal deposition.

Abstract: N-Cyanocarboxylic acid amide derivatives which contain two or three ##STR1## groupings in the molecule are useful as hardeners for epoxide resins.

Abstract: Novel compositions of matter which crosslink under the action of light and which contain(A) an aliphatically unsaturated polymerization product which is free of aromatic groups and which can contain structural elements of the formula I ##STR1## (B) a bisimide of the formula II ##STR2## and a sensitizer and, if desired, a further crosslinking agent, where R and R' are alkyl or together are tetramethylene, R.sub.1 is hydrogen, chlorine or methyl, Y and Y' are each --OH or together are --O-- and R.sub.4 is alkylene, arylene or bis-arylene, are suitable, inter alia, for preparing printing plates or as photoresist materials.

Abstract: Photosensitive compositions of matter which are capable of undergoing condensation or addition reactions and may or may not be crosslinkable, and which contain an anthraquinone of the formula I ##STR1## in which X, X', R' and R" are as defined in patent claim 1 and X or X' is, for example, --OH or --NH.sub.2, at least one monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric compound which can be reacted with this anthraquinone, for example, if X is --OH, a polymer with terminal glycidyl groups, and, where relevant, a crosslinking agent and/or a salt of a metal of group Ib or VIII of the periodic table, are suitable for image formation by means of electroless metal deposition.

Abstract: N-Cyanocarboxlic acid amide derivatives which contain two or three ##STR1## groupings in the molecule are obtained by reacting 1 mol of a dicyanodiamine with 2 mols of a carboxylic acid anhydride or 1 mol of a dicyandiamine salt with 2 mols of a carboxylic acid halide or 1 mol of a dihalogeno compound with 2 mols of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt, or by reacting 1 mol of a carboxylic acid dichloride or trichloride with 2 or, respectively, 3 mols of a cyanamide or 1 mol of a carboxylic acid dicyandiamide or tricyantriamide salt with 2 or 3 mols of an alkylating agent.The N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide derivatives according to the invention are useful hardeners for epoxide resins.

Abstract: Novel compositions of matter which crosslink under the action of light and which contain(A) an aliphatically unsaturated polycondensation product which can contain structural elements of the formula I ##STR1## (B) a bisimide of the formula II ##STR2## and a sensitizer and can, if desired, also contain a further crosslinking agent, where R, R', R.sub.1, Y, Y' and R.sub.4 are as defined in claim 1, are suitable, inter alia, for preparing printing plates or for use as photoresist materials.

Abstract: N-Cyanoacylamide compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl and R.sub.3 is alkylene or arylenealkylene, are prepared by reacting 1 mol of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt with 1 mol of a halogen compound in a polar, aprotic solvent.The N-cyanoacylamide compounds of the formula I can be used for hardening epoxide resins, for the preparation of isomelamine or for the preparation of linear polymers which can be crosslinked by heat.

Abstract: N-cyanoacylamide compounds are prepared by reacting 1 mol of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt with 1 mol of a halogen compound in a polar, aprotic solvent.The N-cyanoacylamide compounds can be used for hardening epoxide resins, for the preparation of isomelamine or for the preparation of linear polymers which can be crosslinked by heat.

Abstract: N-substituted N-cyanocarboxylic acid amides are prepared by reacting 1 mol of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt with 1 mol of an alkyl halide or an alkylating agent, for example dimethyl sulfate or diethyl sulfate, in a polar aprotic solvent.The N-substituted N-cyanocarboxylic acid amides which can be obtained by the process according to the invention are useful curing agents for epoxide resins.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of isomelamines of the formula I, ##STR1## which is characterized in that an N-cyano-N-(ar or cyclo)alkylcarboxylic acid amide or N-cyano-N-allylcarboxylic acid amide of the formula II or III ##STR2## is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or ammonia solution or a primary aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine in a solvent or with a primary aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a catalytic amount of a basic compound in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., at least 3 hydroxyl or amino group equivalents being used per 3 carboxylic acid amide group equivalents.The isomelamines prepared by the process according to the invention are valuable curing agents for epoxide resins.

Abstract: N-Cyanoacylamide compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl and R.sub.3 is alkylene or arylenealkylene, are prepared by reacting 1 mol of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt with 1 mol of a halogen compound in a polar, aprotic solvent.The N-cyanoacylamide compounds of the formula I can be used for hardening epoxide resins, for the preparation of isomelamine or for the preparation of linear polymers which can be crosslinked by heat.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of isomelamines of the formula I, ##STR1## which is characterized in that an N-cyano-N-(ar or cyclo)alkylcarboxylic acid amide or N-cyano-N-allylcarboxylic acid amide of the formula II or III ##STR2## is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or ammonia solution or a primary aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine in a solvent or with a primary aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a catalytic amount of a basic compound in a temperature range from -20.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., at least 3 hydroxyl or amino group equivalents being used per 3 carboxylic acid amide group equivalents.The isomelamines prepared by the process according to the invention are valuable curing agents for epoxide resins.

Abstract: Novel imidazolides (N-acylimidazoles) of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl or phenyl, and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, orR.sub.1 is ethyl, and R.sub.2 is methyl, orR.sub.1 is hydrogen, and R.sub.2 is phenyl or methyl, andR.sub.3 is a group of any one of the formulae II-VI ##STR2## wherein X.sub.1 is hydrogen, chlorine or NO.sub.2, and X.sub.2 is hydrogen or NO.sub.2.The imidazolides are suitable as curing agents for polyepoxide compounds.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of allyl ethers of the formulaR--O--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2).sub.nin which R and n are as defined in claim 1, by reacting hydroxy compounds of the formulaR--OH).sub.nwith allyl chloride or allyl bromide by phase transfer catalysis, 0.8 to 5 mols of allyl chloride or allyl bromide, 1 to 6 mols of aqueous or solid sodium hydroxide and, as the phase transfer catalyst, 2 to 20 mol % of a quaternary ammonium salt, a quaternary ammonium base or a crown ether being employed per hydroxyl equivalent of the compound of the formula II, and the reaction being carried out in the temperature range from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: 1,5-Dimethyl-1,2;5,6-diepoxycyclooctane is prepared by epoxidizing 1,5-dimethylcycloocta-1,5-diene with aqueous peracetic or perpropionic acid at a temperature not exceeding 50.degree. C. and within a pH range from 1.5 to 5.5.The diepoxide according to the invention can be cured by means of curing agents for epoxide resins to give moulded materials having valuable mechanical properties. It is also suitable for use as a reactive, latent diluent.

Abstract: Hardenable mixtures which contain a polyepoxide compound with, on average, more than one epoxide group in the molecule, and a hardener of the formula I ##STR1## The symbol n is an integer from 3 to 5. The methylene carbon atoms can be substituted by one or two methyl or ethyl groups.The hardenable mixtures can be used, for example, in the fields of the protection of surfaces or of adhesives technology.

Abstract: A mixture for the preparation of novel crosslinked nitrogen-containing polyadducts, which comprises(a) an N-cyanolactam of the formula I or II ##STR1## and (b) a monomeric or oligomeric organic compound having at least 2 C atoms and at least 2 amino groups or at least 1 amino group and 1 hydroxyl group.The curable mixtures of components (a) and (b) and, if desired, a monoamino compound are suitable for use as casting resins or adhesives, or for the preparation of foams and coatings.The symbols are each as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: A mixture for the preparation of novel cross-linked nitrogen-containing polyadducts, which contains(a) a N-cyanolactam of the formula I or II ##STR1## and (b) a monomeric or oligomeric organic compound having not less than 2 C atoms and not less than 2 hydroxyl groups.The mixture, with or without addition of a monohydroxy compound, can be used as a casting resin or adhesive, or for the production of foams or coatings.The symbols in the formula are all as defined in claim 1.