Abstract: A pumped-storage power plant, such as an electric unit can include a frequency converter and a rotating electric synchronous machine, the machine being provided in a cavern. The frequency converter can include at least two elements which can be used as inverters or as rectifiers according to the operating mode of the machine, for example during the operation of the motor or during the operation of the generator. The machine-side element can be provided within the cavern, and the network-side element can be provided outside of the cavern.

Abstract: A pumped-storage power plant, such as an electric unit can include a frequency converter and a rotating electric synchronous machine, the machine being provided in a cavern. The frequency converter can include at least two elements which can be used as inverters or as rectifiers according to the operating mode of the machine, for example during the operation of the motor or during the operation of the generator. The machine-side element can be provided within the cavern, and the network-side element can be provided outside of the cavern.

Abstract: A film advancing arrangement for a film projector having an optical system and two spools between which a film is advanced, comprises two spool supports for carrying a supply spool and a takeup spool respectively. The spool supports are pivotally mounted with respect to the housing of the projector to be positioned inside of the housing or outside of the housing so that the spools of small standard diameters may be located within the contours of the housing and the spools of large standard diameters may be mounted on the same spool supports and located outside of the housing.

Abstract: The reproducing apparatus, such as a motion-picture film projector, stops recording medium transport in response to interrupt-transport frame markings on the recording medium and reproduces the thusly marked image frames as still images. Interrupt-transport frame markings are provided at the terminal frame of each motion-picture scene on the recording medium, or at each still-shot image frame on the recording medium, or both. The user of the reproducing apparatus can select automatic reproduction of motion-picture scenes interspersed with automatic still reproduction of still shots, and can additionally select automatic still reproduction of the terminal frame of each motion-picture scene.

Abstract: The user of a motion-picture camera selects between motion-picture and single-exposure operation, and presses a release member to initiate shooting, letting go of it to terminate motion-picture shooting. Each time the user lets go of the release member, an internal device provides an interrupt-transport marking alongside the just exposed film frame, or phase shifted relative thereto. Alternatively, the interrupt-transport marking is provided the next time the user presses the release member. In this way, the terminal frame of each motion-picture scene, and each and every one of the interspersed single-exposure shots, is provided with an interrupt-transport frame marking. Thus, if the film is run through a reproducing apparatus provided with a marking detector, detection of each interrupt-transport marking during motion-picture reproduction causes the terminal frame of each motion-picture scene, and also each one of the still shots, to be persistently reproduced as a still image.

Abstract: A motion picture camera with variable focal length lens wherein the zooming collar and the distance selecting or focusing collar on the lens barrel are rotatable to neutral positions by an actuating member which is movable at right angles to or in parallelism with the optical axis of the lens. In such neutral positions of the collars, the focal length of the lens is satisfactory for the making of exposures in daylight or artificial light, and the distance setting corresponds to a distance of 4 to 6 meters to thus guarantee an acceptable depth of field for exposures of subjects located anywhere between closeup and infinity. The actuating member can further close a master switch to allow for starting of the camera motor in immediate response to depression of the release trigger.

Abstract: Pulses are furnished which each indicate transport of a frame. The pulses are counted on a BCD counter. Selected outputs of the counter are connected to the inputs of coupling stages, each including a JK flip-flop. Each flip-flop changes state for a predetermined count on the counter. When each flip-flop changes state, a corresponding indicator lights up, thereby furnishing an indication to the photographer of how many frames have been transported.

Abstract: A motion picture camera wherein the trigger of the camera release is movable from an extended position to a second position in which it starts the camera motor, and beyond the second position to thereby cause an auxiliary tooth to enter a gap in the annulus of teeth at the periphery of a program wheel which forms part of the mechanism for making exposures with dissolve. The auxiliary tooth is thereby moved into the path of cyclical movement of the pallet on a pawl which is driven whenever the motor is on whereby the pallet can move the program wheel from a starting position and thereupon cooperates with the teeth of the program wheel to rotate the latter through one revolution during which the program wheel initiates the making of exposures with fade-out and subsequent rearward transport of film frames which were exposed with fade-out, and prepares the motor for renewed forward transport of such film frames with simultaneous exposure with fade-in.