Abstract: There is provided a separation method in which a target component in a solution can be separated simply but safely and efficiently without contamination from the environment. This method includes: providing a solution containing a target component, and a reaction reagent; while continuously feeding the solution and the reaction reagent to a flow path, intermittently injecting bubbles into the flow path to produce a gas-liquid slug flow in which a mixed liquid containing the solution and the reaction reagent is segmented into a plurality of droplets by the bubbles; continuing the feed of the gas-liquid slug flow in the flow path, thereby facilitating the mixing of the solution and the reaction reagent, and the gasification of the target component by the mixing, in each droplet, and the movement of a target component-derived gas produced by the gasification to the bubbles; and recovering the target component-derived gas with an absorbing liquid.

Abstract: There is provided a separation method in which a target component in a solution can be separated simply but safely and efficiently without contamination from the environment. This method includes: providing a solution containing a target component, and a reaction reagent; while continuously feeding the solution and the reaction reagent to a flow path, intermittently injecting bubbles into the flow path to produce a gas-liquid slug flow in which a mixed liquid containing the solution and the reaction reagent is segmented into a plurality of droplets by the bubbles; continuing the feed of the gas-liquid slug flow in the flow path, thereby facilitating the mixing of the solution and the reaction reagent, and the gasification of the target component by the mixing, in each droplet, and the movement of a target component-derived gas produced by the gasification to the bubbles; and recovering the target component-derived gas with an absorbing liquid.

Abstract: Novel cellulose-producing bacteria including one capable of producing of a bacterial cellulose having a weight-average degree of polymerization in terms of polystyrene of 1.6×104 or above, one capable of producing a bacterial cellulose containing a small amount of the fraction with low degrees of polymerization, one producing a Bingham polysaccharide as a by-product, and one producing a small amount of water-soluble polysaccharide; a method for the production of bacterial cellulose, which comprises culturing these cellulose-producing bacteria; and bacterial cellulose thus obtained.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide novel genes and gene group involved in cellulose synthesis of microorganisms. The present invention relates to a gene group encoding cellulase, cellulose synthase complex, &bgr;-glucosidase and the like, and to novel &bgr;-glucosidase.

Abstract: Novel cellulose-producing bacteria including one capable of producing of a bacterial cellulose having a weight-average degree of polymerization in terms of polystyrene of 1.6×104 or above, one capable of producing a bacterial cellulose containing a small amount of the fraction with low degrees of polymerization, one producing a Bingham polysaccharide as a by-product, and one producing a small amount of water-soluble polysaccharide; a method for the production of bacterial cellulose, which comprises culturing these cellulose-producing bacteria; and bacterial cellulose thus obtained.

Abstract: Novel cellulose-producing bacteria including one capable of producing of a bacterial cellulose having a weight-average degree of polymerization in terms of polystyrene of 1.6×104 or above, one capable of producing a bacterial cellulose containing a small amount of the fraction with low degrees of polymerization, one producing a Bingham polysaccharide as a by-product, and one producing a small amount of water-soluble polysaccharide; a method for the production of bacterial cellulose, which comprises culturing these cellulose-producing bacteria; and bacterial cellulose thus obtained.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide novel genes and gene group involved in cellulose synthesis of microorganisms. The present invention relates to a gene group encoding cellulase, cellulose synthase complex, &bgr;-glucosidase and the like, and to novel &bgr;-glucosidase.

Abstract: Novel cellulose-producing bacteria including one capable of producing of a bacterial cellulose having a weight-average degree of polymerization in terms of polystyrene of 1.6.times.10.sup.4 or above, one capable of producing a bacterial cellulose containing a small amount of the fraction with low degrees of polymerization, one producing a Bingham polysaccharide as a by-product, and one producing a small amount of water-soluble polysaccharide; a method for the production of bacterial cellulose, which comprises culturing these cellulose-producing bacteria; and bacterial cellulose thus obtained.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to obtain the high production rate and yield of BC. The present invention relates to a process for the production of cellulosic material at a production rate of 0.4 g/L/hr or more, which comprises culturing cellulose-producing bacteria while maintaining the concentration of the residual sugars in a culture broth at 20 g/L or less, and to a process for the production of cellulosic material at a production rate of 0.4 g/L/hr or more, which comprises culturing cellulose-producing bacteria in a culture medium containing a factor which improves an apparent affinity of substrate for sugars.

Abstract: This invention relates to a microorganism that is capable of producing a cellulosic product (referred to hereinafter as a "cellulose-producing bacterium") and belongs to a novel subspecies which is substantialy negative or very slightly positive in oxidation of acetates and lactates. This invention also relates to novel saccharide analog-resistant strains, amino acid analog-resistant strains and levan sucrase-defective strains. Further, this invention relates to a method for the production of cellulosic material (bacterial cellulose:"BC"), which comprises culturing these novel bactria and to bacterial cellulose which may be thus obtained. A larger amount of bacterial cellulose may be produced by culturing Acetobacter xylinum subsp. nonacetoxidans, the present resistant strains and the levan sucrase-defective strains, which have been derived and bred from the cellulose-producing bacteria, than by culturing the BPR 2001 strain in the medium containing especially sucrose or glucose as carbon sources.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of cellulosic material which comprises culturing a cellulose-producing bacterium while maintaining the internal pressure within the fermentation tank at about 1.1 kg/cm.sup.2 A or more, preferably at about 1.2 kg/cm.sup.2 A or more, more preferably at about 1.5 kg/cm.sup.2 A or more, generally in the later stage of the cultivation (the growth decline phase and stationary phase), namely, at the stage where a concentration of the cellulosic material in a culture medium reaches about 10 g/L or more, preferably about 12 g/L or more; at the culturing stage where an apparent density of the culture medium at 10 rad/s or 1 l/s reaches about 10 Pa.s or more; at the culturing stage where the K value (consistency index) reaches about 10 Pa.s.sup.n or more considering that rheology follows the Power law model; or at the stage where the oxygen-demand of the culture medium reaches about 35 mmol/L.hr or more.

Abstract: A method for the production of a bacterial cellulose by cultivating a cellulose-producing bacteria for at least a certain period of time under such an apparatus condition that an oxygen-transfer coefficient (K.sub.L a) is about 25 to about 50/hr, said K.sub.L a is determined by using a simulated suspension containing 2% by weight of BC and having a plastic viscosity of 15 to 20 poise.

Abstract: Novel cellulose-producing bacteria including one capable of producing of a bacterial cellulose having a weight-average degree of polymerization in terms of polystyrene of 1.6.times.10.sup.4 or above, one capable of producing a bacterial cellulose containing a small amount of the fraction with low degrees of polymerization, one producing a Bingham polysaccharide as a by-product, and one producing a small amount of water-soluble polysaccharide; a method for the production of bacterial cellulose, which comprises culturing these cellulose-producing bacteria; and bacterial cellulose thus obtained.

Abstract: This invention relates to a microorganism that is capable of producing a cellulosic product (referred to hereinafter as a "cellulose-producing bacterium") and belongs to a novel subspecies which is substantialy negative or very slightly positive in oxidation of acetates and lactates. This invention also relates to novel saccharide analog-resistant strains, amino acid analog-resistant strains and levan sucrase-defective strains.Further, this invention relates to a method for the production of cellulosic material (bacterial cellulose: "BC"), which comprises culturing these novel bactria and to bacterial cellulose which may be thus obtained.A larger amount of bacterial cellulose may be produced by culturing Acetobacter xylinum subsp. nonacetoxidans, the present resistant strains and the levan sucrase-defective strains, which have been derived and bred from the cellulose-producing bacteria, than by culturing the BPR 2001 strain in the medium containing especially sucrose or glucose as carbon sources.

Abstract: A method for the production of a cellulosic product, which comprises:culturing a cellulose-producing microorganism transformed with a gene for an enzyme involved in sucrose metabolism in a medium containing sucrose, allowing the cellulosic product to be produced and accumulated in the medium, and collecting the cellulosic product. By the present method, the cellulosic product can be produced efficiently and economically.

Abstract: Purine-arabinosides and a method for making purine-arabinosides are disclosed. The method comprises contacting an arabinose donor and a purine source in the presence of an effective amount of enzyme produced by a bacterium and capable of transarabinosylation from the arabinose donor to the purine source, whereby a 9-(.beta.-D-arabinofuranosyl)-purine is produced.

Abstract: A method for producing L-proline by fermentation which comprises culturing an L-proline producing mutant in a culture medium until L-proline is accumulated in the culture medium, and recovering the accumulated L-proline; said mutant belonging to the genus Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium or Microbacterium and being resistant to DL-3,4-dehydroproline.

Abstract: S-adenosylmethionine and methylthioadenosine are produced in the culture medium of yeast grown in a media containing L-methionine.