Abstract: A novel gelator including a sugar derivative; a gelator including a compound of Formula (1) or Formula (2): wherein R1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 9 to 20, a cyclic alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 13 to 20, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having a carbon atom number of 9 to 20, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 10, or an aryl group optionally having a substituent, and R3 and R4 are hydroxy groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for enhancing percutaneous absorbability of a water-soluble drug. The invention provides a complex formed by a water-soluble effective ingredient and a fat-soluble compound having an aldehyde group through an interaction which can be dissociated in water; a percutaneously absorbable composition comprising the complex, a percutaneous absorption controller and a fat-soluble medium; and a method for controlling release of the water-soluble effective ingredient from the complex in the skin.

Abstract: A stable high-water-content W/O-type emulsion gel comprising: a gelator composed of a compound of Formula (1) or (2) below (wherein, R1 and R3 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 20, a cyclic alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 3 to 20, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having a carbon atom number of 2 to 20, n is an integer of 0 or 1 to 4, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 10, or an aryl group optionally having a substituent, and R4 and R5 are a hydroxyl group); a surfactant; and a mixed solvent of a hydrophobic organic solvent and water, wherein the content of the gelator is 0.1-20% by mass with respect to the mass of the mixed solvent.

Abstract: A novel gelator including a sugar derivative; a gelator including a compound of Formula (1) or Formula (2): wherein R1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 9 to 20, a cyclic alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 13 to 20, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having a carbon atom number of 9 to 20, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 10, or an aryl group optionally having a substituent, and R3 and R4 are hydroxy groups.

Abstract: There is provided a novel gelator containing a sugar derivative. A gelator including a compound of Formula (1) or Formula (2): wherein each of R1 and R3 is independently a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 20, a cyclic C3-20 alkyl group, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having a carbon atom number of 2 to 20, n is 0 or an integer of 1 to 4, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 10, or an aryl group optionally having a substituent, and R4 and R5 are each a hydroxy group.

Abstract: A projection optical system including a unity magnification reflecting optical system which forms an intermediate image of an object positioned on an object plane. The reflecting optical system includes a first mirror which reflects light emitted from the object plane, an optical system which reflects the light from the first mirror, and a second mirror which reflects the light from the optical system toward a forming position of the intermediate image. The first mirror, the second mirror and the optical system are positioned so as to satisfy a condition in which a distance between a position of reflection of the light on the second mirror and the forming position of the intermediate image is smaller than a distance between a position of reflection of the light on the first mirror and the object plane.

Abstract: There is provided a novel gelator containing a sugar derivative. A gelator including a compound of Formula (1) or Formula (2): wherein each of R1 and R3 is independently a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 20, a cyclic C3-20 alkyl group, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having a carbon atom number of 2 to 20, n is 0 or an integer of 1 to 4, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 10, or an aryl group optionally having a substituent, and R4 and R5 are each a hydroxy group.

Abstract: A projection optical system including a unity magnification reflecting optical system which forms an intermediate image of an object positioned on an object plane. The reflecting optical system includes a first mirror which reflects light emitted from the object plane, an optical system which reflects the light from the first mirror, and a second mirror which reflects the light from the optical system toward a forming position of the intermediate image. The first mirror, the second mirror and the optical system are positioned so as to satisfy a condition in which a distance between a position of reflection of the light on the second mirror and the forming position of the intermediate image is smaller than a distance between a position of reflection of the light on the first mirror and the object plane.