Abstract: A polyimide resin film includes: a first layer that contains an imide resin, a bond composition ratio of a sum of a C—N bond and a C—O bond to bonds of all C elements that are present in a surface of the first layer being 4 atm % or more; and a second layer that is provided on the surface of the first layer.

Abstract: Provided is a transfer device that includes an intermediate transfer body which is a first endless belt including a resin and conductive carbon particles and in which in a spatial distribution of the conductive carbon particles that are present in an evaluation region of 6.3 ?m×4.2 ?m on an outer peripheral surface; a first transfer component that first-transfers a toner image formed on a surface of an image carrier to a surface of the intermediate transfer body; and a second transfer component which has a second endless belt disposed so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer body, which second-transfers the toner image transferred to the surface of the intermediate transfer body to a surface of a recording medium on the second endless belt.

Abstract: A belt includes a first layer defining an outer peripheral surface of the belt and a second layer arranged adjacent to the first layer. The first and second layers include a polyimide-based resin. The first layer includes carbon black particles. A part of the carbon black particles which are exposed at the outer peripheral surface of the belt have a size of 5 nm or more and 150 nm or less. The area fraction of the part of the carbon black particles which are exposed at the outer peripheral surface of the belt to the outer peripheral surface of the belt is 2% or more and 35% or less. The belt includes 80 or more conducting points per square micrometer and has a volume resistivity of 10 log ?·cm or more.

Abstract: A belt includes a first layer defining an outer peripheral surface of the belt and a second layer arranged adjacent to the first layer. The first and second layers include a polyimide-based resin. The first layer includes carbon black particles. A part of the carbon black particles which are exposed at the outer peripheral surface of the belt have a size of 5 nm or more and 150 nm or less. The area fraction of the part of the carbon black particles which are exposed at the outer peripheral surface of the belt to the outer peripheral surface of the belt is 2% or more and 35% or less. The belt includes 80 or more conducting points per square micrometer and has a volume resistivity of 10 log ?·cm or more.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a first resin and first conductive carbon particles. In the spatial distribution of the first conductive carbon particles present in an evaluation region of the outer peripheral surface of the endless belt which has a size of 6.3 ?m×4.2 ?m, the integral of the statistic L(r) represented by Formula (1) below from 0.05 ?m to 0.30 ?m with respect to an interparticle distance r is 0 or more and 0.

Abstract: A transfer belt includes a resin base material layer and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer contains a polyamide-imide resin A, a siloxane-modified imide resin B, and a conductive material.

Abstract: A polyimide resin film includes: a first layer that contains an imide resin, a bond composition ratio of a sum of a C—N bond and a C—O bond to bonds of all C elements that are present in a surface of the first layer being 4 atm % or more, and a second layer that is provided on the surface of the first layer.

Abstract: A belt capable of holding a toner image, the belt being used for an image forming apparatus, includes a multilayer structure including a surface layer defining an outer peripheral surface of the belt. The belt has a 5-sec volume resistivity at 100 V of 10.0 log ?·cm or more and 12.5 log ?·cm or less. The outer peripheral surface of the belt has a 3-sec surface resistivity at 100 V of more than 11.0 log ?/sq and 13.5 log ?/sq or less. The difference between a 1-sec surface resistivity of the outer peripheral surface of the belt at 100 V and a 100-sec surface resistivity of the outer peripheral surface of the belt at 100 V is 0.5 or less.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a resin layer containing a resin and conductive particles, a ratio between a surface resistance value of an inner peripheral surface and a surface resistance value of an outer peripheral surface (the surface resistance value of the inner peripheral surface/the surface resistance value of the outer peripheral surface) being in a range of 0.8 to 1.2.

Abstract: A cylindrical core member for manufacturing a tubular member by curing a resin solution coated on an outer circumferential surface thereof, includes a substrate, a releasing layer that is formed on the outer circumferential surface including a central portion of the substrate in the axial direction, and plural low releasing portions having lower releasing properties than the releasing layer at both end portions of the substrate in the axial direction, the plural low releasing portions being intermittently disposed on the outer circumferential surface in the circumferential direction, and present in some places in the axial direction of the core member main body at the circumferential of the core member main body at both end portions of the substrate in the axial direction.