Abstract: A microneedle structure has one or more microneedles (104) projecting from the major surface (102) of a substrate (100). The microneedle has a penetrating tip (106) formed at an intersection between upright surfaces (108) and an inclined surface (110) corresponding to a (1 1 1) crystallographic plane. The microneedle has a first portion bounded by a continuation of the upright surfaces (108) and inclined surface (110), and a second portion bounded by a continuation of the upright surfaces and a slicing plane (112) extending from an edge (114) of inclined surface (110) towards major surface (102) of the substrate. A width W of inclined surface (110) increases monotonically from penetrating tip (106) to edge (114).

Abstract: A system for treating organic feedstock, particularly livestock or poultry wastewater. The system employs combined anaerobic and aerobic digestion for converting the wastewater into safe water, fertilizer, and energy, wherein sequencing batch reactors (i.e. ASBR and SBR) are used for the digestion process.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for maintaining a stable microbial community in a combined anaerobic-aerobic waste processing system. The system comprises cycling of waste activated sludge between reactors, thereby ensuring a healthy microbial community and an efficient waste decomposition.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for maintaining a stable microbial community in a combined anaerobic-aerobic waste processing system. The system comprises cycling of waste activated sludge between reactors, thereby ensuring a healthy microbial community and an efficient waste decomposition.

Abstract: A method for the efficient operation of a waste treatment apparatus comprising an anaerobic-aerobic sequencing batch reactors (SBR). The method comprises the synchronized transfer of waste between the reactors, for preventing unsafe buildup of pressure in the anaerobic reactor and reaching unsafe levels.

Abstract: A system for treating organic feedstock, particularly livestock or poultry wastewater. The system employs combined anaerobic and aerobic digestion for converting the wastewater into safe water, fertilizer, and energy, wherein sequencing batch reactors (i.e. ASBR and SBR) are used for the digestion process.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient system for treating livestock waste, particularly waste from cattle or pig farming. The new facility and method employ special transfers of slurry streams through ASBR, SBR, and a unique pretreatment reactor, resulting in treated water, quality compost, and biogas.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient system for treating livestock waste, particularly waste from cattle or pig farming. The new facility and method employ special transfers of slurry streams through ASBR, SBR, and a unique pretreatment reactor, resulting in treated water, quality compost, and biogas.