Abstract: A method for verifying correctness of an Information Technology (IT) structure instance D of an IT structure R, a method for detecting an unauthorized change in an operating instance X of an IT structure R, a method for verifying conformance of an IT structure to an IT delivery environment, associated computer program products, and associated processes for integrating computing infrastructure. The method for verifying correctness of an IT structure instance D determines whether a reverse specification RD for D differs from R. The method for detecting an unauthorized change in an operating instance X of an IT structure R determines whether authorized changes in R have occurred. The method for verifying conformance of an IT structure to an IT delivery environment verifies compliance of the IT structure relating to: product standard compliance, compliance of software elements of the IT structure primitive composition, software application type compliance, and network traffic compliance.

Abstract: A method and system for dynamically adjusting packet size to decrease a delay of a streaming data transmission. A measurement is obtained by a measuring computing unit (i.e., data transmission server or client computing unit). The first measurement is either (1) a delay of a streaming data transmission being sent from the data transmission server to the client computing unit via a plurality of packets or (2) a frequency of damaged packets of the plurality of packets. The damaged packets contribute to the delay of the streaming data transmission. The packet size is adjusted by the data transmission server. The packet size adjusting includes utilizing the measurement and facilitating a reduction of the streaming data transmission delay. The delay results from noise on one or more communication link segments used by the streaming data transmission.

Abstract: A novel method and structure in which data caching is based on data contents. The method comprises the steps of (a) sending a data request from a processing circuit to a target server; (b) in response to the target server receiving the data request, sending a first response portion of a data response from the target server to the processing circuit; and {circle around (c)} in response to the processing circuit receiving the first response portion, using the processing circuit to examine the first response portion so as to determine whether the processing circuit contains a copy of the data response; and (d) in response to the processing circuit determining that the processing circuit contains a copy of the data response, sending the copy of the data response from the processing circuit to a client machine.

Abstract: A method and system for searching and retrieving reusable assets is disclosed. An index file in a database stores reusable assets. A search request history in the database stores past search requests and corresponding past search results. A search program performs a search upon receiving a new search request within the index file and generates a new search result. The search program correlates past search requests to the new search request by comparing search terms in past search requests to search terms in the new search request. Search terms in past search requests are replaced with semantically similar terms based on taxonomy level and synonyms and results of highly correlated past search requests are added to the new search result. Reusability of each reusable asset in the new search result is appraised.

Abstract: An Information Technology (IT) system display method and computer program product. A description is provided of a configuration of devices, network segments, and vertical connectors relating to an IT structure. The devices are initially distributed to form a distribution of the devices in a matrix representing a display screen. A defined goal value of the configuration is a function of a length and weight of each network segment, a length and weight of each vertical connector, and a penalty for each crossing of a device by a network segment. An overlay pattern of the network segments and the vertical connectors overlayed on the matrix is displayed in accordance with the description and the final distribution of the devices in the matrix. The goal value for the final distribution is lower than for the initial distribution. The final distribution is displayed on the display screen together with the overlay pattern.

Abstract: A service element is defined and represented by a data structure. It includes one or more components and/or one or more other service elements. A service element providing a complete function is a service offering. Management of service elements and/or service offerings is facilitated by a Service Development Tool. In different aspects, the management includes various tasks associated with creating, modifying and deleting service elements, establishing relationships, error checking and optimization. In a further aspect, service elements are packaged and distributed to enable customers to deliver the service elements. Additionally, the hosting of software packages is facilitated.

Abstract: A computer system and computer program product for optimizing an aspect of an Information Technology (IT) structure of an IT system. The aspect of the IT structure is optimized with respect to at least one control parameter. The IT structure includes a plurality of elements. Each element independently is a hardware element, a software element, or a combination of a hardware element and a software element. Each control parameter has a value that is specific to each element of the IT structure.

Abstract: An Information Technology (IT) system display method and computer program product. A description is provided of a configuration of devices, network segments, and vertical connectors relating to an IT structure. The devices are initially distributed to form a distribution of the devices in a matrix representing a display screen. A defined goal value of the configuration is a function of a length and weight of each network segment, a length and weight of each vertical connector, and a penalty for each crossing of a device by a network segment. An overlay pattern of the network segments and the vertical connectors overlayed on the matrix is displayed in accordance with the description and the final distribution of the devices in the matrix. The goal value for the final distribution is lower than for the initial distribution. The final distribution is displayed on the display screen together with the overlay pattern.

Abstract: A service element is defined and represented by a data structure. It includes one or more components and/or one or more other service elements. A service element providing a complete function is a service offering. Management of service elements and/or service offerings is facilitated by a Service Development Tool. In different aspects, the management includes various tasks associated with creating, modifying and deleting service elements, establishing relationships, error checking and optimization. In a further aspect, service elements are packaged and distributed to enable customers to deliver the service elements. Additionally, the hosting of software packages is facilitated.

Abstract: Method, system, and product for authenticating database connections between a database server box having a database server and a database gateway; and an application server box having an application server and a connection authenticator. The application server and the connection authenticator are connected to the database server over an IP network. A TCP connection is established from the database gateway to the connection authenticator. The authenticator authenticates the application server and permits routing database requests and responses to and from the database server.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for optimizing an aspect of an Information Technology (IT) structure of an IT system, the aspect of the IT structure is optimized with respect to at least one control parameter. The IT structure includes a plurality of elements. Each element independently is a hardware element, a software element, or a combination of a hardware element and a software element. Each control parameter has a value that is specific to each element of the IT structure.

Abstract: A service element is defined and represented by a data structure. It includes one or more components and/or one or more other service elements. A service element providing a complete function is a service offering. Management of service elements and/or service offerings is facilitated by a Service Development Tool. In different aspects, the management includes various tasks associated with creating, modifying and deleting service elements, establishing relationships, error checking and optimization. In a further aspect, service elements are packaged and distributed to enable customers to deliver the service elements. Additionally, the hosting of software packages is facilitated.

Abstract: A service element is defined and represented by a data structure. It includes one or more components and/or one or more other service elements. A service element providing a complete function is a service offering. Management of service elements and/or service offerings is facilitated by a Service Development Tool. In different aspects, the management includes various tasks associated with creating, modifying and deleting service elements, establishing relationships, error checking and optimization. In a further aspect, service elements are packaged and distributed to enable customers to deliver the service elements. Additionally, the hosting of software packages is facilitated.

Abstract: A method and system for searching and retrieving reusable assets is disclosed. An index file in a database stores reusable assets. A search request history in the database stores past search requests and corresponding past search results. A search program performs a search upon receiving a new search request within the index file and generates a new search result. The search program correlates past search requests to the new search request by comparing search terms in past search requests to search terms in the new search request. Search terms in past search requests are replaced with semantically similar terms based on taxonomy level and synonyms and results of highly correlated past search requests are added to the new search result. Reusability of each reusable asset in the new search result is appraised.

Abstract: A method and system for preventing a detection of web crawling. A randomizing HTTP proxy server receives a first request from a web crawler to scan a website and forwards the first request to a randomly selected first proxy computer. The first proxy computer utilizes a first network address translation (NAT)-enabled router to forward the first request to the website. A NAT algorithm associates a first source Internet Protocol (IP) address with the first request. The randomizing HTTP proxy server receives a second web crawler-initiated request to scan the website and forwards the second request to a randomly selected second proxy computer. The second proxy computer utilizes a second NAT-enabled router to forward the second request to the website. The NAT algorithm associates a second source IP address with the second request. The web server identifies the first and second source IP addresses as being different.

Abstract: A method and system for dynamically adjusting packet size to decrease a delay of a streaming data transmission. A measurement is obtained by a measuring computing unit (i.e., data transmission server or client computing unit). The first measurement is either (1) a delay of a streaming data transmission being sent from the data transmission server to the client computing unit via a plurality of packets or (2) a frequency of damaged packets of the plurality of packets. The damaged packets contribute to the delay of the streaming data transmission. The packet size is adjusted by the data transmission server. The packet size adjusting includes utilizing the measurement and facilitating a reduction of the streaming data transmission delay. The delay results from noise on one or more communication link segments used by the streaming data transmission.

Abstract: A method and system for estimating a screen refresh rate of a computing unit participating in an Internet-based collaboration. The computing unit receives a test image that includes pixels located at predefined positions and blinking at predefined frequencies. Measurements of the number of blinks of the pixels in a specified time period are collected. An average of the measurements summed over the predefined frequencies is calculated. A screen refresh rate is estimated by comparing the calculated average to a sum of multiple sums of simulated blinks of pixels in the specified time period. The average is closer to the sum than any of the other sums and the sum is associated with the estimated screen refresh rate.

Abstract: A service element is defined and represented by a data structure. It includes one or more components and/or one or more other service elements. A service element providing a complete function is a service offering. Management of service elements and/or service offerings is facilitated by a Service Development Tool. In different aspects, the management includes various tasks associated with creating, modifying and deleting service elements, establishing relationships, error checking and optimization. In a further aspect, service elements are packaged and distributed to enable customers to deliver the service elements. Additionally, the hosting of software packages is facilitated.

Abstract: A service element is defined and represented by a data structure. It includes one or more components and/or one or more other service elements. A service element providing a complete function is a service offering. Management of service elements and/or service offerings is facilitated by a Service Development Tool. In different aspects, the management includes various tasks associated with creating, modifying and deleting service elements, establishing relationships, error checking and optimization. In a further aspect, service elements are packaged and distributed to enable customers to deliver the service elements. Additionally, the hosting of software packages is facilitated.

Abstract: A method performed in an Information Technology (IT) development environment and an associated computer system. Business requirements are translated into functional requirements. An abstract IT structure is generated by translating the functional requirements into the abstract IT structure.