Abstract: An improved dust boot accommodates a ball and socket joint subject to high articulation under harsh environmental conditions of moisture and corrosive contaminants. The improved boot is capable of accommodating articulation of an associated ball stud up to 60 degrees from the rotational center of the joint, as well as twisting motions of the stud of at least 45 degrees. The dust boot includes multiple undulations that feature a series of convolutions or deep folds. In one example, the boot contains at least one undulation that includes two pairs of radially extending ribs so as to present a fully convoluted bulbous loop, complete with reverse bends to maximize amount of material available for stretching when the stud is articulated to high angles. The bulbous loop not only provides for up to 60 degrees of stud articulation but also provides at least 45 degrees of twisting motion without potential deleterious effects.

Abstract: An aftermarket retrofit kit is used to prepare control arm bosses of automotive suspension systems to receive new, replacement ball joints. The kit includes a special cutting tool for forming obtuse threads in the apertures of aluminum suspension system mounting bosses for replacement of spent or used steel ball joints originally pressed-fit into forged aluminum control and steering arms. Since unthreaded apertures of bosses of control and steering arm joints in which the original pressed fitted equipment ball joints may be threaded to receive the new joints, avoidance of having to replace expensive original control and steering arms is made possible by the reuse of such arm parts normally discarded. A separate alignment block is included to assure accurate piloting of the cutting tool. Threading of the control arm bosses can be done on or off of the vehicle, and separate kits are provided for upper and lower control arms.

Abstract: An improved socket liner for a ball and socket joint is adapted to be fixedly installed within a joint housing so as to encase the ball. The housing defines a longitudinal axis, and the liner, formed in two longitudinally extending mating halves that confront one another along surfaces parallel to the axis of the housing, are oriented to provide a theoretically tightest possible ball bearing-socket fit. Each liner half includes at least one protuberance on each longitudinally confronting surface. The protuberances not only facilitate location of the liner halves during assembly, but also assure a physical separation between the halves, creating an additional lubrication groove for enhanced operation of the joint during its useful life. In one preferred form, a compliant thin soft material cover is overmolded over the exterior socket liner structure, and exterior surface slots integrally provided on the cover interlock with protruding ribs fixed to the interior of the housing.

Abstract: An improved socket liner for a ball and socket joint is adapted to be fixedly installed within a joint housing so as to encase the ball. The housing defines a longitudinal axis, and the liner, formed in two longitudinally extending mating halves that confront one another along surfaces parallel to the axis of the housing, are oriented to provide a theoretically tightest possible ball bearing-socket fit. Each liner half includes at least one protuberance on each longitudinally confronting surface. The protuberances not only facilitate location of the liner halves during assembly, but also assure a physical separation between the halves, creating an additional lubrication groove for enhanced operation of the joint during its useful life. In one preferred form, a compliant thin soft material cover is overmolded over the exterior socket liner structure, and exterior surface slots integrally provided on the cover interlock with protruding ribs fixed to the interior of the housing.

Abstract: A non-articulating joint assembly is disclosed having a bracket with a first generally cylindrical end that is received in a split-half bearing assembly that has a tapered outer surface. The tapered split-half bearing assembly matingly engages a tapered bore in the first housing of a socket. The tapered split-half bearing is slightly larger than the tapered inner bore to provide a radial pre-load on the assembly bearing. A cap bearing is located in the housing and engages the bottom surface of the tapered split-half assembly bearing. A closure member is located below the cap bearing and cooperates with a spring member and a rim of the first housing that is crimped over to securely hold the components in position and also provide an axial pre-load on the split-half bearing. Similarly, a second housing on the socket member has a second split-half bearing assembly and a second cap bearing assembly that receives a stud is provided. The stud includes a generally cylindrical end portion.

Abstract: A bearing set for a ball and socket joint comprises an inner and outer bearing with a head of a ball stud engaging an inner seat face of each of the bearings. An axial compression preload results when the bearing set and ball stud are inserted into a socket and the socket is closed. To eliminate internal machining of the socket to precise tolerances, the outer peripheral surfaces of the bearings are provided with a plurality of deformable alternating ribs and grooves. The ribs cooperate with the grooves to conform the bearings to the dimensions of the socket and produce and preload the ball and socket joint assembly.

Abstract: A joint assembly is provided having a first bearing member engaging a second bearing member and having a sealing washer that is located adjacent to the second bearing member. A wear indicator insert is sandwiched in between the second bearing member and the sealing washer in a pre-compressed condition. The indicator insert includes a head that extends beyond the sealing washer until a certain amount of bearing wear is present in the joint assembly. In addition, the indicator insert cannot be wiggled until a certain degree of wear has occurred in the joint assembly.

Abstract: A non-oscillating joint assembly is disclosed having a bracket with a first end having a tapered bearing portion and a flange located longitudinally upwardly of the tapered bearing portion. The bracket is received in socket member having a first housing. A cap bearing is located in the housing and has a tapered inner bore that matingly engages the bracket tapered bearing portion. The tapered bearing portion is slightly larger than the tapered inner bore to provide a radial pre-load on the cap bearing. An annular bearing is also located in the housing and is positioned so as to contact an upper surface of the flange. A closure member is located below the cap bearing and cooperates with a rim of the housing which is crimped over to securely hold the components in position and also provide an axial pre-load on the cap bearing. Similarly, a second housing on the socket member has a second end cap bearing and a second annular bearing that receive the stud.

Abstract: The invention relates to a boot seal for a ball and socket joint having a boot seal. The boot seal includes a bulb on a sealing lip. The bulb is compressed within a compression nest that is defined between cooperating radial notches that are formed on the socket ceiling and a bearing surface, respectively, when the bearing is fully installed in the housing. The radial notch in the socket ceiling serves to hold the boot seal in place to permit an assembled bearing and a ball stud assembly to be inserted within the cavity and thereby mechanically secure the boot seal within the socket.

Abstract: A ball and socket joint includes a stud having a shank connected to a ball stud, which is received in a ball stud housing. A one piece bearing shell is provided having a generally spherically shaped hollow body with an inner surface to matingly engage the ball stud and an outer surface for contacting the stud housing. Moreover, the outer bearing shell surface includes a first spherical portion having a first radius and first center and a second spherical portion having a second radius and second center. The first and second centers are axially offset relative to each other to create a converging sphere design that permits a low profile design. The converging sphere design also permits more effective compression pre-loading on the bearing sleeve as compared to a single spherical outer surface.

Abstract: A composite stud having a shank with a recess at one end receives a stem formed on a ball. The stem and recess have any suitable shape and preferably a shape that prevents rotation of the ball relative to the shank. A further embodiment has a shank with an extension at one end for insertion into a bore in a ball. The extension is deformed to effect a positive connection.

Abstract: An annular bearing set for a ball and socket joint includes annular inner and outer bearings that has a head of a ball stud engaging an inner seat face of each of the bearings. An axial compression preload results when the bearing set and ball stud are inserted into a socket and the socket is closed. The seat face of the outer bearing is provided with a plurality of compliance grooves and lubrication grooves. The inner bearing is also provided with lubrication grooves. The grooves permit the preloaded bearing set to relax during a predetermined time period, thereby producing a joint that has low torque and low end motion. The bearings are further provided with an alignment mechanism for aligning the lubrication grooves of the inner and outer bearings.

Abstract: A ball and socket joint includes a bearing set having an upper bearing and a lower bearing that have respective rim portions that are shaped for complementary overlapping engagement to create a radial and axial preload on a ball and socket joint assembly. The upper and lower bearings include generally spherical inner surfaces for contacting a ball stud outer surface. A socket housing includes a generally cylindrical inner wall for contacting outer surfaces of the upper and lower bearings. The upper and lower bearing rims overlap at a bearing to bearing interface that is preferably at the equator of the ball stud.

Abstract: A split taper bushing assembly includes a bearing member, an inner sleeve received in a hollow center defined by the bearing and an optional outer sleeve which receives the bearing member in an open center defined therein. The bearing member also includes a tapered skirt. The skirt includes a slit which permits the bearing member to contract during assembly to account for variances in its dimensional tolerances, thus ensuring a proper fit between the bearing member and any mating part. The bearing member is formed using a polyurethane type material. Since such a material resists deterioration due to contact with lubricants commonly used in the automotive industry, the bushing assembly can be relubricated during operation without any destructive affect on the bearing member.

Abstract: A ball and socket joint is disclosed. The joint comprises two hard, self-adjusting, tapered side bearing halves with inner spherical faces. The inner spherical faces are lined with a low friction synthetic filament impregnated fabric overlay bonded to the spherical face by stiff reinforced polymer based adhesives, ceramic based adhesives or other high temperature adhesives. The bearing halves receive a ball stud sphere and are compression pre-loaded into a socket. Bearing taper is controlled so that minute filament particles fill microscopic low places of the stud sphere as the sphere moves or articulates within the bearing against the compressed fabric overlay. The sphere becomes very smooth and minimizes friction within the joint and improves bearing life and performance of the joint. The fabric may also be bonded to an inner surface of a hemispherical cup which is placed adjacent the bearing halves prior to assembly of the joint.

Abstract: A ball joint having a polymeric housing with an integral bearing seat for receiving a ball stud. A polymeric cap attaches to the housing and includes a bearing cavity for contacting the ball stud. The housing and bearing cap each have retention features that cooperate to securely assemble the joint. A pattern of reinforcing ribs are optionally provided on the outer surface of the housing to increase strength and dimensional stability.

Abstract: A bearing set for a ball and socket joint comprises an inner and outer bearing with a head of a ball stud engaging a spherical inner seat face of each of the bearings. An axial compression pre-load results when the bearing set and ball stud are inserted into a socket and the socket is closed. To prevent the over compression of the bearings and undesirable plastic deformation, a plurality of wedge shaped slots extend about each bearing between an outer axial surface and an outer peripheral surface. The slots provide material "flow" which eliminate unwanted plastic deformation by placing pre-load force and the natural material elasticity into a desired equilibrium. The tailored "cushioning" effect remains while still providing adequate compression pre-loading and dynamic stability to the ball stud.

Abstract: An improved adjusting sleeve for connecting together a pair of opposite, generally-collinear threaded rods, as may be found in automotive front-end suspensions, includes an elongate, tubular body. While the sleeve may comprise differing numbers of surfaces prior to and subsequent to a longitudinally-nonuniform crimping operation performed on each of its longitudinal ends, in a preferred embodiment the sleeve forms a modified octagon when viewed in lateral cross-section, including six wrenching flats extending along its entire length. A longitudinally-nonuniform crimping operation serves to radially inwardly displace the longitudinal end portions of each of the full-length diametrical crimping flats which otherwise complete the body's octagonal shape in lateral cross-section. The resulting localized deformation of the bore formed in each of the body's longitudinal ends achieves a consistent a prevailing torque without inducing connector "wobble.

Abstract: An inventive ball and socket joint has a metallic socket with a cavity that receives a semi-rigid annular bearing, a ball stud, and an annular rigid metallic retainer ring. The retainer ring is self-centering within the socket cavity. It includes a lower wedge portion that is received in a corresponding pocket formed between an upper stepped portion of the bearing and inner surface of the socket. Besides being self-centering, the retainer ring also acts as a wedge between the socket and bearing to provide a compression pre-load to the bearing which is controllably released as the bearing wears during use.

Abstract: A prepackaged ball joint subassembly is adapted to be installed into a final housing that is then closed to retain the subassembly. The subassembly comprises a bearing and a stud with stud head and a shank which are received in an encasement. The encasement is then sealed. In one preferred embodiment, the encasement includes an upper hood with a lower hook and a lower bowl with an upper hook. One of the hooks extends radially outwardly and the other hook extends radially inwardly such that the upper hood and lower bowl may be snapped together without using special tools.