Abstract: Householders separate metal cans, plastic bottles, containers and similar items from other garbage. The crushing apparatus is carried on the recycling truck, and the driver tosses these items into the apparatus for crushing. The apparatus has a rotating crusher rotor (12) which forms a pinch-throat against a concavely-curved crusher plate (27). A crammer (40) is driven into reciprocation to cram the larger items into the mouth of the pinch-throat. A rubber pad (49) on the crush plate creates friction to assist in the grabbing the item into the mouth.

Abstract: The production of food grade quality white mineral oils from predominantly naphthenic or cycloparaffinic crude distillates heretofore have required acid treating using sulfuric acid followed by neutralization, water wash and possibly finishing step. Herein, however, three stages of hydroprocessing without any solvent extraction or acid treatment prior step are employed to produce the desired food grade quality white mineral oil having a trace of aromatic constituents therewithin. Specific steps are defined in the application in terms of the severity of the hydrogenation in the hydrotreatiang operation at each respective step; as well as the steps of separating gaseous constituents of the hydroprocessing product.

Abstract: The preparation of high quality, e.g., high viscosity index, base lubricating oils and white oils, particularly food grade white mineral oils, of suitable viscosity in high yield from a mineral oil distillate of suitable lubricating oil viscosity comprises contacting the distillate with hydrogen in four catalytic stages. The first reaction stage employs hydrocracking conditions. Subsequent reaction stages employ hydrogenation conditions. The second reaction stage, preferably employs a sulfur-resistant hydrogenation catalyst and produces a product suitable as a high quality lubricating oil base stock. The third reaction stage preferably employs a sulfur-resistant hydrogenation catalyst to obtain further aromatic saturation. The final stage employs a selective hydrogenation catalyst, optionally activated with a halogen, and produces a product suitable as a white oil, preferably a food grade white oil.

Abstract: Heavy gas oil is converted to a high quality, high viscosity index lubricating oil stock by improved contacting with hydrogen in three catalytic stages. The gas oil is first hydrotreated to provide a stock more amenable to subsequent hydrocracking, thus permitting the use of less severe conditions in the latter step. The hydrocracked oil is finally subjected to a hydrogenation step to fully meet remaining lubricating oil specifications.