Abstract: A disinfection system includes one or more light sources configured to emit ultraviolet light effective for inactivating pathogens in an environment for human occupancy, and one or more occupancy sensors configured to acquire data indicative of occupancy of the environment for human occupancy. Intensity of the ultraviolet light emitted by the one or more light sources is controlled based on the data indicative of occupancy of the environment acquired by the one or more occupancy sensors. In another embodiment, a light source for disinfection includes an intensity setting input disposed on the light source. The intensity setting input is operative to set an intensity of light emitted by light emitting elements of the light source. The light source has no other control besides the intensity setting input.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a light source configured to generate light to inactivate one or more pathogens. The light includes an inactivating portion. In one embodiment, a method for inactivating one or more pathogens and optionally concurrently illuminating a room having one or more human occupants while the pathogens are inactivated is also provided. The method includes generating light from a light source to inactivate the one or more pathogens. The light is generated with an inactivating portion of the light.

Abstract: A luminaire is mechanically attached to a mounting structure, mounted and positioned to illuminate a space adjacent to the luminaire The luminaire comprises at least one light source mounted on a substrate, and a thermal bus transporting heat from the substrate to a heat sink that is veiled from view. The at least one light source and the substrate are exposed to, and illuminate, the space. Another disclosed luminaire includes LEDs and a fixture on which the LEDs are disposed. The fixture is configured to install onto a grid of a suspension ceiling by hooking or clamping onto the grid of the suspension ceiling with the LEDs disposed on the installed fixture facing downward from the suspension ceiling.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a light source configured to generate light to inactivate one or more pathogens. The light includes an inactivating portion having wavelengths in a range of 280 to 380 nanometers.

Abstract: An irradiation method includes irradiating an environment with light using one or more one ceiling-mounted light sources, where each ceiling-mounted light source has an optical axis oriented vertically downward, and wherein each ceiling-mounted light source emits a light distribution having more angle-integrated intensity in a higher angular range relative to the optical axis of the ceiling-mounted light source than in a lower angular range relative to the optical axis of the ceiling-mounted light source. A ceiling-mounted light source may include a support structure, one or more light emitters disposed on a surface of the support structure, and a reflector with a funnel-shaped reflective surface facing the support structure and expanding with increasing distance from the support structure along the optical axis. The light emitters may be ultraviolet (UV) light emitters whereby the light source is a UV ceiling-mounted light source.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a light source configured to generate light to inactivate one or more pathogens. The light includes an inactivating portion. In one embodiment, a method for inactivating one or more pathogens and optionally concurrently illuminating a room having one or more human occupants while the pathogens are inactivated is also provided. The method includes generating light from a light source to inactivate the one or more pathogens. The light is generated with an inactivating portion of the light.

Abstract: A multispectral light source for disinfection is disclosed, including a plurality of light sources with different disinfection peak wavelengths and electronics. Each disinfection peak wavelength is effective for disinfection, and the electronics are configured to drive the plurality of light sources to emit light at the different disinfection peak wavelengths. In a specific embodiment, multispectral light source includes one or more UV-C light sources emitting ultraviolet light in a UV-C range, and one or more UV-A light sources emitting ultraviolet light in a UV-A range. The multispectral light source optionally may further include one or more white light sources emitting white light providing illumination. In a disinfection method, light in the UV-C range is emitted into an occupied space, and light outside of the UV-C range that is effective for inactivating at least one target pathogen is also emitted, optionally simultaneously, into the occupied space.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a light source configured to generate light to inactivate one or more pathogens. The light includes an inactivating portion having wavelengths in a range of 280 to 380 nanometers.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises: an LED-based light source; a spherical, spheroidal, or toroidal diffuser generating a Lambertian light intensity distribution output at any point on the diffuser surface responsive to illumination inside the diffuser; and a base including a base connector. The LED based light source, the diffuser, and the base are secured together as a unitary LED lamp installable in a lighting socket by connecting the base connector with the lighting socket. The diffuser is shaped and arranged respective to the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to conform with an isolux surface of the LED based light source. The base is operatively connected with the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to electrically power the LED based light source using electrical power received at the base connector.

Abstract: A heat sink comprises a heat sink body, which in some embodiments is a plastic heat sink body, and a thermally conductive layer disposed over the heat sink body. In some embodiments the thermally conductive layer comprises a copper layer. A light emitting diode (LED)-based lamp comprises the aforementioned heat sink and an LED module including one or more LED devices in which the LED module is secured with and in thermal communication with the heat sink. Some such LED-based lamps may have an A-line bulb configuration or an MR or PAR configuration. Disclosed method embodiments comprise forming a heat sink body and disposing a thermally conductive layer on the heat sink body. The forming may comprise molding the heat sink body, which may be plastic. In some method embodiments the heat sink body includes fins and the disposing includes disposing the thermally conductive layer over the fins.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprising an at least substantially omnidirectional light assembly including an LED-based light source within a light-transmissive envelope. Electronics configured to drive the LED-based light source, the electronics being disposed within a base having a blocking angle no larger than 45°. A plurality of heat dissipation elements (such as fins) in thermal communication with the base and extending adjacent the envelope.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises: an LED-based light source; a spherical, spheroidal, or toroidal diffuser generating a Lambertian light intensity distribution output at any point on the diffuser surface responsive to illumination inside the diffuser; and a base including a base connector. The LED based light source, the diffuser, and the base are secured together as a unitary LED lamp installable in a lighting socket by connecting the base connector with the lighting socket. The diffuser is shaped and arranged respective to the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to conform with an isolux surface of the LED based light source. The base is operatively connected with the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to electrically power the LED based light source using electrical power received at the base connector.

Abstract: A directional lamp comprises a light source, a beam forming optical system configured to form light from the light source into a light beam, and a light mixing diffuser arranged to diffuse the light beam. The light source, beam forming optical system, and light mixing diffuser are secured together as a unitary lamp. The beam forming optical system includes: a collecting reflector having an entrance aperture receiving light from the light source and an exit aperture that is larger than the entrance aperture, and a lens disposed at the exit aperture of the collecting reflector, the light source being positioned along an optical axis of the beam forming optical system at a distance from the lens that is within plus or minus ten percent of a focal length of the lens.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises: an LED-based light source; a spherical, spheroidal, or toroidal diffuser generating a Lambertian light intensity distribution output at any point on the diffuser surface responsive to illumination inside the diffuser; and a base including a base connector. The LED based light source, the diffuser, and the base are secured together as a unitary LED lamp installable in a lighting socket by connecting the base connector with the lighting socket. The diffuser is shaped and arranged respective to the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to conform with an isolux surface of the LED based light source. The base is operatively connected with the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to electrically power the LED based light source using electrical power received at the base connector.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises: an LED-based light source; a spherical, spheroidal, or toroidal diffuser generating a Lambertian light intensity distribution output at any point on the diffuser surface responsive to illumination inside the diffuser; and a base including a base connector. The LED based light source, the diffuser, and the base are secured together as a unitary LED lamp installable in a lighting socket by connecting the base connector with the lighting socket. The diffuser is shaped and arranged respective to the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to conform with an isolux surface of the LED based light source. The base is operatively connected with the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to electrically power the LED based light source using electrical power received at the base connector.

Abstract: According to a first embodiment, a light emitting diode (LED) light engine is described. The light emitting diode includes one or more LED devices disposed on a front side of an LED light engine substrate. A heat sink having a mating receptacle for the LED light engine is also provided. The LED light engine substrate and the mating receptacle of the heat sink define a tapered fitting by which the LED light engine is retained in the mating receptacle of the heat sink.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises: an LED-based light source; a spherical, spheroidal, or toroidal diffuser generating a Lambertian light intensity distribution output at any point on the diffuser surface responsive to illumination inside the diffuser; and a base including a base connector. The LED based light source, the diffuser, and the base are secured together as a unitary LED lamp installable in a lighting socket by connecting the base connector with the lighting socket. The diffuser is shaped and arranged respective to the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to conform with an isolux surface of the LED based light source. The base is operatively connected with the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to electrically power the LED based light source using electrical power received at the base connector.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises: an LED-based light source; a spherical, spheroidal, or toroidal diffuser generating a Lambertian light intensity distribution output at any point on the diffuser surface responsive to illumination inside the diffuser; and a base including a base connector. The LED based light source, the diffuser, and the base are secured together as a unitary LED lamp installable in a lighting socket by connecting the base connector with the lighting socket. The diffuser is shaped and arranged respective to the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to conform with an isolux surface of the LED based light source. The base is operatively connected with the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to electrically power the LED based light source using electrical power received at the base connector.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises: an LED-based light source; a spherical, spheroidal, or toroidal diffuser generating a Lambertian light intensity distribution output at any point on the diffuser surface responsive to illumination inside the diffuser; and a base including a base connector. The LED based light source, the diffuser, and the base are secured together as a unitary LED lamp installable in a lighting socket by connecting the base connector with the lighting socket. The diffuser is shaped and arranged respective to the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to conform with an isolux surface of the LED based light source. The base is operatively connected with the LED based light source in the unitary LED lamp to electrically power the LED based light source using electrical power received at the base connector.

Abstract: A light engine comprises a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) devices arranged in a plane and a corresponding plurality of reflector cups wherein each LED device is disposed in a corresponding reflector cup and wherein the light engine does not include either a diffuser or a light mixing cavity. A directional lamp comprises the aforesaid light engine and an imaging lens arranged to generate an image of the light engine at about infinity. The directional lamp may further include a collecting reflector (for example, a conical, parabolic, or compound parabolic reflector) extending between a relatively narrower entrance aperture at which the light engine is disposed and a relatively wider exit aperture at which the imaging lens is disposed. The imaging lens may be arranged to generate a defocused image of the light engine at about infinity to soften the beam edge.