Abstract: Systems and methods for removing galvanic distortion caused by near-surface inhomogeneities from surface-to-borehole (STB) measurements are disclosed. Corrected STB measurements may provide for a representation of the resistivity of an oil-bearing reservoir and may be used to determine movement of a waterfront within the reservoir caused by waterflooding of the reservoir.

Abstract: Naturally-occurring, electromagnetic signals generated by interaction of solar wind with earth's magnetosphere adjacent a borehole are measured by an electromagnetic sensor positioned adjacent the borehole in the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Electromagnetic signals generated within the borehole are measured over a period of time by a borehole sensor positioned within the borehole. The electromagnetic signals change over the period of time due to variations in fluid distributions within the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Electromagnetic changes to the electromagnetic signals generated within the borehole and to the passive, naturally-occurring electromagnetic signals over the period of time are determined by one or more processors. A computational model of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation is generated based in part on the electromagnetic changes.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for performing real-time detecting and spatially-positioning a waterfront in an oil-producing reservoirs are disclosed. An example method of predicting movement of a waterfront in a reservoir may include generating a plurality of electrical signals having different frequencies with a surface electric source; injecting currents corresponding to the plurality of generated signals into the earth near a well extending into the reservoir with a surface dipole; sensing a vertical component of an electric field generated by each of the injected currents at a location in the reservoir with a sensor; detecting a location of the waterfront within the reservoir based on the received vertical components of the electric fields; and analyzing the detected vertical components of the electric fields taken on at least two different points in time with machine learning to predict a rate of movement of the waterfront within the reservoir.

Abstract: Systems and methods for removing galvanic distortion caused by near-surface inhomogeneities from surface-to-borehole (STB) measurements are disclosed. Corrected STB measurements may provide for a representation of the resistivity of an oil-bearing reservoir and may be used to determine movement of a waterfront within the reservoir caused by waterflooding of the reservoir.

Abstract: In some implementations, airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data and seismic data for a geographic region including sand dunes are received, and the AEM data identifies apparent resistivity as a function of depth within the sand dunes. An inversion with cross-domain regularization is calculated of the AEM data and the seismic data to generate a velocity-depth model, and the velocity depth model identifies velocity variations within the sand dunes. A seismic image using the velocity-depth model is generated.

Abstract: The subject matter of this specification can be embodied in, among other things, an unmanned aerial vehicle system includes a first loop airframe structure having a transmitter loop antenna and defining a plane, a second loop airframe structure having a receiver loop antenna having a diameter smaller than the transmitter loop antenna and oriented substantially parallel to the plane, a plurality of vertical thrusters configured to provide lift substantially perpendicular to the plane and elevate the system above a ground surface, at least one lateral thruster configured to provide thrust substantially parallel to the plane, a controller affixed configured to control the plurality of vertical thrusters and the lateral thruster, and an electromagnetic sensing system (such as ground-penetrating radar) configured to transmit electromagnetic signals using the transmitter loop antenna and receive secondary electromagnetic signals of secondary eddy currents caused by interactions between the EM signals and undergroun

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for performing real-time detecting and spatially-positioning a waterfront in an oil-producing reservoirs are disclosed. An example method of predicting movement of a waterfront in a reservoir may include generating a plurality of electrical signals having different frequencies with a surface electric source; injecting currents corresponding to the plurality of generated signals into the earth near a well extending into the reservoir with a surface dipole; sensing a vertical component of an electric field generated by each of the injected currents at a location in the reservoir with a sensor; detecting a location of the waterfront within the reservoir based on the received vertical components of the electric fields; and analyzing the detected vertical components of the electric fields taken on at least two different points in time with machine learning to predict a rate of movement of the waterfront within the reservoir.

Abstract: Naturally-occurring, electromagnetic signals generated by interaction of solar wind with earth's magnetosphere adjacent a borehole are measured by an electromagnetic sensor positioned adjacent the borehole in the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Electromagnetic signals generated within the borehole are measured over a period of time by a borehole sensor positioned within the borehole. The electromagnetic signals change over the period of time due to variations in fluid distributions within the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Electromagnetic changes to the electromagnetic signals generated within the borehole and to the passive, naturally-occurring electromagnetic signals over the period of time are determined by one or more processors. A computational model of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation is generated based in part on the electromagnetic changes.

Abstract: Naturally-occurring, electromagnetic signals generated by interaction of solar wind with earth's magnetosphere adjacent a borehole are measured by an electromagnetic sensor positioned adjacent the borehole in the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Electromagnetic signals generated within the borehole are measured over a period of time by a borehole sensor positioned within the borehole. The electromagnetic signals change over the period of time due to variations in fluid distributions within the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Electromagnetic changes to the electromagnetic signals generated within the borehole and to the passive, naturally-occurring electromagnetic signals over the period of time are determined by one or more processors. A computational model of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation is generated based in part on the electromagnetic changes.

Abstract: The subject matter of this specification can be embodied in, among other things, an unmanned aerial vehicle system includes a first loop airframe structure having a transmitter loop antenna and defining a plane, a second loop airframe structure having a receiver loop antenna having a diameter smaller than the transmitter loop antenna and oriented substantially parallel to the plane, a plurality of vertical thrusters configured to provide lift substantially perpendicular to the plane and elevate the system above a ground surface, at least one lateral thruster configured to provide thrust substantially parallel to the plane, a controller affixed configured to control the plurality of vertical thrusters and the lateral thruster, and an electromagnetic sensing system (such as ground-penetrating radar) configured to transmit electromagnetic signals using the transmitter loop antenna and receive secondary electromagnetic signals of secondary eddy currents caused by interactions between the EM signals and undergroun

Abstract: In some implementations, airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data and seismic data for a geographic region including sand dunes are received, and the AEM data identifies apparent resistivity as a function of depth within the sand dunes. An inversion with cross-domain regularization is calculated of the AEM data and the seismic data to generate a velocity-depth model, and the velocity depth model identifies velocity variations within the sand dunes. A seismic image using the velocity-depth model is generated.

Abstract: Naturally-occurring, electromagnetic signals generated by interaction of solar wind with earth's magnetosphere adjacent a borehole are measured by an electromagnetic sensor positioned adjacent the borehole in the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Electromagnetic signals generated within the borehole are measured over a period of time by a borehole sensor positioned within the borehole. The electromagnetic signals change over the period of time due to variations in fluid distributions within the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Electromagnetic changes to the electromagnetic signals generated within the borehole and to the passive, naturally-occurring electromagnetic signals over the period of time are determined by one or more processors. A computational model of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation is generated based in part on the electromagnetic changes.