Abstract: A spectral conversion device including a plurality of discrete units dyed with a photoluminescent material at a concentration greater than or equal to an amount sufficient to absorb and convert substantially all input light from a light source to a desired output spectrum, and a coating material disposed around the discrete units, wherein the coating material binds the plurality of discrete units to form a matrix, wherein when the plurality of discrete units are positioned over the light source, the input light passing through the transparent discrete units is not converted, and the input light passing through the doped discrete units is converted to red and green wavelengths, further wherein the emitted input light and the converted red and green light correspond to the desired output spectrum to produce one or more colors. An associated method and an associated device used with flat panel image displays are also provided.

Abstract: A spectral conversion device including a plurality of discrete units dyed with a photoluminescent material at a concentration greater than or equal to an amount sufficient to absorb and convert substantially all input light from a light source to a desired output spectrum, and a coating material disposed around the discrete units, wherein the coating material binds the plurality of discrete units to form a matrix, wherein when the plurality of discrete units are positioned over the light source, the input light passing through the transparent discrete units is not converted, and the input light passing through the doped discrete units is converted to red and green wavelengths, further wherein the emitted input light and the converted red and green light correspond to the desired output spectrum to produce one or more colors. An associated method and an associated device used with flat panel image displays are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of photodynamic therapy that includes introducing a selective photocytotoxic compound to a body having a target cell, wherein the selective photocytotoxic compound is configured to selectively attach to or enter the target cell. The method further includes activating the selective photocytotoxic compound with a light source. Further disclosed is a method that includes introducing a selective photoluminescent compound to a body having a target material. The selective photoluminescent compound is configured to selectively attach to or enter the target material. The method includes introducing an activating light to the selective photoluminescent compound, wherein the photoluminescent compound is configured to absorb the activating light and emit an emission light having a different wavelength than the activating light for diagnosis and locating diseased areas.

Abstract: A vertical microelectronic field emitter is formed by first forming tips on the face of a substrate and then forming trenches in the substrate around the tips to form columns in the substrate, with the tips lying on top of the columns. The trenches are filled with a dielectric and a conductor layer is formed on the dielectric. Alternatively, trenches may be formed in the face of the substrate with the trenches defining columns in the substrate. Then, tips are formed on top of the columns. The trenches are filled with dielectric and the conductor layer is formed on the dielectric to form the extraction electrodes.

Abstract: A smoke generator apparatus (10) is disclosed which is suitable for use in conducting air flow studies in wind tunnels. The smoke generator apparatus (10) includes a tube assembly (12) which may either be wire-packed or crimped and has fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics which permit the substantially uninterrupted flow of smoke-appearing vapor (82) from the tube outlet (52).