Abstract: A method for operating an electrical circuit is described. The electrical circuit is equipped with a power converter (10) that has at least one series connection (11, 12, 13) consisting of at least four power semiconductor elements. The electrical circuit is equipped with at least one capacitor (Cd1, Cd2) connected in parallel to the series connection (11, 12, 13). In the power converter (10), at least one resistor has been connected in parallel to the middle two power semiconductor elements. In the method, at least one of the power semiconductor elements is conductively connected and in this way a discharging current is generated from the capacitor (Cd1, Cd2) through the conductively connected power semiconductor element and the resistor.

Abstract: An electrical circuit for a power converter is described. The circuit has been provided with several semiconductor switches and capacitors used for operating the power converter. A brake resistance for lowering energy is provided, connected to the semiconductor switches provided without the need for an additional switch. The operation of the power converter and the current flowing through the brake resistance can be controlled by means of the existing semiconductor switches.

Abstract: A method for transferring user data from a source application (20) of a source computing device (4) to a target application (22; 24) of at least one target computing device (6; 8) is described. The source computing device (4) and the target computing device (6; 8) are connected via Ethernet technology. In the method, the following chronologically sequential steps are carried out: Generation of an Ethernet telegram by the source computing device (4), in which case the telegram comprises the user data, and sending of the Ethernet telegram by the source computing device (4) to the target computing device (6; 8). When the Ethernet telegram is generated, always precisely the same, at least one, target computing device (6; 8) is specified through a MAC target address, for whose target application (22; 26) the user data are intended for. The source computing device (4) is always authorized for sending. The Ethernet telegram is sent without a connection to the target computing device (6; 8).