Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel approach to the chemical synthesis of titanium metal from a titanium oxide source material, such as a mineral comprising titanium. In the approach described herein, a titanium oxide source is reacted with Mg vapor to extract a pure Ti metal. The method disclosed herein is more scalable, cheaper, faster, and safer than prior art methods.

Abstract: Graphene oxide is synthesized by chemical treatment of graphite using only H2SO4, KMnO4, H2O2 and/or H2O as reagents. Graphene oxide films obtained using the method disclosed herein were characterized using various analytical techniques. These analytical techniques confirmed the creation of single to few layer graphene oxide with relatively large lateral size distribution using the method disclosed herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel approach to the chemical synthesis of titanium metal from a titanium oxide source material. In the approach described herein, a titanium oxide source is reacted with Mg vapor to extract a pure Ti metal. The method disclosed herein is more scalable, cheaper, faster, and safer than prior art methods.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel approach to the chemical synthesis of titanium metal from a titanium oxide source material, such as a mineral comprising titanium. In the approach described herein, a titanium oxide source is reacted with Mg vapor to extract a pure Ti metal. The method disclosed herein is more scalable, cheaper, faster, and safer than prior art methods.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing a carbon composite, the method comprising the step of heating a mixture of graphene oxide and an active material, such as a carbon active material, such as activated carbon, at a temperature in the range 200 to 650° C., such as about 300° C. Also provided is the carbon composite obtained or obtainable from the method. The carbon composition may be provided on a backing plate, such as an electrically conductive backing plate. The carbon composite may be a component, such as the electrode, of a capacitor, such as a supercapacitor, and also provided are methods for charging and discharging the supercapacitor comprising the carbon composite.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel approach to the chemical synthesis of titanium metal from a titanium oxide source material. In the approach described herein, a titanium oxide source is reacted with Mg vapour to extract a pure Ti metal. The method disclosed herein is more scalable, cheaper, faster, and safer than prior art methods.

Abstract: Graphene oxide is synthesized by chemical treatment of graphite using only H2SO4, KMnO4, H2O2 and/or H2O as reagents. Graphene oxide films obtained using the method disclosed herein were characterized using various analytical techniques. These analytical techniques confirmed the creation of single to few layer graphene oxide with relatively large lateral size distribution using the method disclosed herein.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage device structure comprises a first conductive sheet, a second conductive sheet and an electrolyte sheet placed between the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet. In the device, at least one of the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet comprises a layer of carbon nanoparticles. The carbon nanoparticle layer is arranged to be adjacent to the electrolyte sheet. The carbon nanoparticles may include both high aspect ratio carbon nanoparticles and low aspect ratio carbon nanoparticles. The device is flexible and at least partially transparent.

Abstract: An energy storage device structure comprises a first electrode layer, an electrolyte layer and a second electrode layer. At least one of the electrode layers comprise a metallic base layer, a layer of carbon nanotubes grown on the base layer and a layer of carbon nanoparticles disposed on the carbon nanotube layer, the carbon nanoparticle layer being arranged to face the electrolyte layer. The structure has much larger width and length than thickness, so it is rolled up or folded and then hermetically sealed to form an energy storage unit. The layer of carbon nanotubes is grown on the metallic base layer by a chemical vapor deposition process at a temperature no higher than 550° C. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer are at least partially aligned in a direction that is perpendicular to the surface of the metallic base layer.

Abstract: An apparatus, the apparatus including first and second circuit boards, and an electrolyte, the first and second circuit boards each including a capacitive element, wherein the apparatus is configured such that a chamber is defined between the first and second circuit boards with the capacitive elements contained therein and facing one another, the chamber including the electrolyte, and wherein the apparatus is configured to store electrical charge when a potential difference is applied between the capacitive elements.

Abstract: An apparatus, the apparatus including first and second circuit boards, and an electrolyte, the first and second circuit boards each including a capacitive element, wherein the apparatus is configured such that a chamber is defined between the first and second circuit boards with the capacitive elements contained therein and facing one another, the chamber including the electrolyte, and wherein the apparatus is configured to store electrical charge when a potential difference is applied between the capacitive elements.

Abstract: A solid fertilizer composition wherein a nitrogen-containing macronutrient is adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles and wherein the ratio of the nitrogen-containing macronutrient to the hydroxyapatite phosphate is between 1:1 and 10:1. In certain embodiments, said solid fertilizer composition slowly releases the nitrogen-containing macronutrient to soil.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition wherein a nitrogen containing macronutrient is adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles. Said fertilizer composition slowly releases the nitrogen containing macronutrient to soil.

Abstract: An apparatus, the apparatus including first and second circuit boards, and an electrolyte, the first and second circuit boards each including a capacitive element, wherein the apparatus is configured such that a chamber is defined between the first and second circuit boards with the capacitive elements contained therein and facing one another, the chamber including the electrolyte, and wherein the apparatus is configured to store electrical charge when a potential difference is applied between the capacitive elements.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition wherein a nitrogen containing macronutrient is adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles. Said fertilizer composition slowly releases the nitrogen containing macronutrient to soil.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing an apparatus, the apparatus including: a loudspeaker configured to convert an electrical input signal into an acoustic output signal; and carbon nanohorn material wherein the carbon nanohorn material is positioned so as to be exposed to the acoustic output signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing an apparatus, the apparatus including a loudspeaker configured to convert an electrical input signal into an acoustic output signal; and carbon nanohorn material wherein the carbon nanohorn material is positioned so as to be exposed to the acoustic output signal.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage device structure comprises a first conductive sheet, a second conductive sheet and an electrolyte sheet placed between the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet. In the device, at least one of the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet comprises a layer of carbon nanoparticles. The carbon nanoparticle layer is arranged to be adjacent to the electrolyte sheet. The carbon nanoparticles may include both high aspect ratio carbon nanoparticles and low aspect ratio carbon nanoparticles. The device is flexible and at least partially transparent.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing an apparatus, the apparatus including: a loudspeaker configured to convert an electrical input signal into an acoustic output signal; and carbon nanohorn material wherein the carbon nanohorn material is positioned so as to be exposed to the acoustic output signal.

Abstract: An energy storage device structure comprises a first electrode layer, an electrolyte layer and a second electrode layer. At least one of the electrode layers comprise a metallic base layer and a layer of carbon nanotubes grown on the base layer, the carbon nanotube layer being arranged to face the electrolyte layer. The structure has much larger width and length than thickness, so it is rolled up or folded and then hermetically sealed to form an energy storage unit. The layer of carbon nanotubes is grown on the metallic base layer by a chemical vapor deposition process at a temperature no higher than 550° C. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer are at least partially aligned in a direction that is perpendicular to the surface of the metallic base layer.