Abstract: In a power plant including a plurality of parallel-operated generating elements supplying electricity and steam, boilers and turbines are controlled in an optimum condition depending on the successive changes of the demand for steam and electricity by: estimating parameters of characteristics and state of the generating elements, which cannot be directly measured, among parameters of the generating elements needed for calculation of the optimum load distribution for each of the generating elements, based on a physical model of each of the generating elements and an input process state quantity; and controlling each of the generating elements by determining an optimum load distribution for the each of the generating elements while using the estimated parameters of the each of the generating elements, to minimize a total cost of the power plant depending on the successive changes of the demand for steam and electricity.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hydroformylation reaction for producing an aldehyde by subjecting an olefin, a feed oxo gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and a recycled gas withdrawn from a reactor and returned to the reactor, to a hydroformylation reaction in the reactor in the presence of a catalyst, which comprises:setting out a target value for the partial pressure of carbon monoxide in the reaction system to control the hydroformylation reaction;detecting the partial pressure of carbon monoxide corresponding to the target value; andcomparing the detected partial pressure of carbon monoxide with the target value to adjust a flow rate of a discharged gas from the reactor; orcomparing the detected partial pressure of carbon monoxide with the target value to adjust a flow rate of the feed oxo gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a reactor system comprising a plurality of reactors for a thermal decomposition reaction. Based on the operational control limits of each reactor in the system, a preliminary load allowance function is obtained, and during operation of the system, control factor data for each reactor is fed into a computer to calculate a load allowance for each reactor. Based on the total amount of conversion reactor product and the respective load allowances of each reactor, a system load change is distributed to each reactor, resulting in respective reactor load changes. This data is fed back into the operational control factors for each reactor, resulting in adjustment of the output of each reactor. Operational control factors for each reactor include product output, product composition, reactor temperature, reactor efficiency, and physical properties of the starting material.