Abstract: Provided are a coating material and a coating method capable of making an antibacterial effect and an antiviral effect of a superficial layer of a coating target compatible for a long period of time. The coating material contains a coating agent in which inorganic polysilazane and an alkyl silicate condensate are dissolved in an inert solvent at a total concentration of 50 to 80 mass%, as a base agent, an inorganic antibacterial agent added to the base agent at a ratio of 0.1 to 5 mass%, and an inorganic antiviral agent added to the base agent at a ratio of 0.1 to 20 mass%.