Abstract: A method for producing ground surfaces with a hydraulic excavator including a shovel applicable to the surface of the ground, and a lifting cylinder for lifting and lowering the excavator equipment. The lifting cylinder of the excavator equipment is actively connected with at least one work pump via a control device actuated by the operator; and whereby the lifting cylinder is lifted, lowered or blocked depending on the switching position of the control device. For compensating the weight of the excavator equipment and for adjusting an approximately constant pressure of application of the shovel to the surface of the ground as the excavator equipment is moving and working, the lifting side of the lifting cylinder, upon actuation of an actuating element, is automatically acted upon by an adjustable compensation pressure by supplying or evacuating a hydraulic medium.

Abstract: In a heat exchange container (1) that is preferably water filled and used in a space or central-heating system a furnace system having a combustion chamber (5) for the pulse combustion of free-flowing, in particular, liquid fuels is used, and this is mounted as a container insert on a carrier plate (2) that closes an opening in the container (1). The air supply takes place intermittently through valves (30) and the fuel supply is continuous and under pressure, through an axially adjustable injection nozzle (29) into a prechamber (10) so that the injection pressure and the position of the injection nozzle (29) constitute important adjustment values. Close to the base of the combustion chamber within the prechamber (10) there is a vortexing element that vortexes the fuel-air mixture that is formed, doing so on the combustion chamber side, the opening cross-section of this vortexing element being adjustable. This, too, constitutes an additional control variable.