Abstract: A device is disclosed which couples the use of Trans Epithelial Nerve Stimulation with the administration of a therapeutic injection, such as an immunization, or tissue sampling procedure such as deriving a blood sample. By such an arrangement the discomfort associated with these procedures may be considerably reduced or eliminated, thereby improving compliance with a range of medical procedures. To date TENS has not been used in such an arrangement, rather development in TENS technology has been aimed at improving its efficacy. Similarly injection technology developments have been orientated around reducing cross infection risks and accidental injury to operator or patient.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for engineering the architectural arrangement and inter-fiber bonding of fibers within an article being molded form a pulp. This allows for optimal structural characteristics and additive disposition within the article. Complex forms can be fabricated, articles so made having regional variations in chemical and physical parameters as well as those defined by the gross structural form of the article.

Abstract: The position of a bone in a body part e.g. a heel 15 is sensed by placing the foot 13 on a surface 12 and sensing pressure points between the underface 14 of the foot and the surface 12. The surface 12 is part of a xerographic device. The distances between pressure points are compared with stored data to obtain for example a measurement of bone condition using ultrasound transducers 19. The body part could be a hand (FIG. 1).