Abstract: When water sprays into an empty tank or into the freeboard of filters, considerable flashing occurs to release about 50 to 80% of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and other gases. The injection of air with the water enhances this degasification and produces a partial drained tank, in which it is required for the spraying or flashing to occur. When the water level reaches a low point, a switch signals for the vent to be opened and the air is stopped. But the inlet water continues to fill the tank and to displace the gasses through the vent. When the water reaches the vent, a high level switch closes the vent. Air injection starts again to repeat the cycle. Alternately, the injection of air with the influent water into a partially drained tank with a level controller and venting also effects this degasification.

Abstract: Hot Water Sterilization of Activated Carbon beds or other adsorbents in filter tanks by including an electric or steam heating coil in the tank, alternately in the gravel underdrains, or in a plenum underdrain, or in an external canister.

Abstract: A mixed bed polishing process for regeneration of an exhausted mixed resin bed of cation exchange and anion exchange resins of different densities comprising the steps of scrubbing with air the exhausted mixed resin bed and adding into the mixed resin bed inert resins having a density intermediate the densities of the cation exchange and anion exchange resins. The exhausted mixed resin bed is backwashed to separate into three layers the cation exchange, anion exchange and inert resins. The anion exchange resins are transferred to an anion regenerator; and then, the inert resins are transferred to an inert resin storage tank. The cation exchange resins are regenerated with acid; and then, the anion exchange resins are regenerated with caustic regenerant. The regenerated cation exchange and regenerated anion exchange resins are separately rinsed, and then, mixed together and rinsed.

Abstract: Spent aqueous liquor containing cyanide, as from ore treatment, is passed through a bed of suitable anion-exchange resin to segregate the cyanide, which is subsequently recovered in regeneration of the resin by weak alkaline solution. Both the eluted cyanide and the alkaline regenerant are recycled, if desired, for further ore treatment. A most important benefit of such procedure is nearly complete elimination of cyanide as a component of the treatment effluent. Free cyanide may be separated from complexed cyanides when present by using weak alkaline regenerant to elute the free cyanide from the resin and stronger alkaline regenerant to elute the complexed cyanides.

Abstract: A method for continuously removing undissolved matter from a fluid and for selectively deionizing the fluid when the concentration of undesired ions exceeds a predetermined level, comprising the steps of passing the fluid through a tank containing a filtering means; adding ion exchange means to the tank when the concentration of undesired ions exceeds the predetermined level; removing the ion exchange means, when exhausted, from the tank; and removing undissolved matter from the filtering means and transporting the matter thus removed from the tank.

Abstract: A method of treatment of condensate water by a mixed bed of ion exchange resins, the method being characterized by the following procedure; in regenerating the charged resins, after passing the condensate water through the mixed bed of ion exchange resins, the mixed bed is separated into a layer of anion exchange resin and a layer of cation exchange resin; the anion exchange resin layer is regenerated by caustic soda and is then treated with an aqueous solution of hydrazine. After the treatment, the aqueous solution of hydrazine is purified by passing it through a bed of hydrazine type cation exchange resin. Then, the purified aqueous solution of hydrazine is reused in the treatment of the layer of anion exchange resin.