Abstract: Compositions comprising bis(tryptophan) derivatives are provided that act as antimicrobials. Also provided are methods for reversing antibiotic resistance in a bacterium, or recovering or enhancing antimicrobial activity of an antibiotic against a variety of microbes, by co-administration with a bis(tryptophan) derivative.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for increasing or enhancing the efficacy of antibiotics, such as by increasing antimicrobial activity, against a variety of microbes by co-administration with synthetic amphiphiles, including lariat ethers and hydraphiles. Methods and compositions for overcoming antibiotic resistance are also provided.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for increasing the lateral root development of a plant by exposing said plant to a composition containing a synthetic amphiphile. By increasing the number of lateral roots, the surface area of the root structure is increased, making the plants better able to survive such stresses as drought or low nutrients.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for increasing or enhancing the efficacy of antibiotics, such as by increasing antimicrobial activity, against a variety of microbes by co-administration with synthetic amphiphiles, including lariat ethers and hydraphiles. Methods and compositions for overcoming antibiotic resistance are also provided.

Abstract: Compositions comprising bis(tryptophan) derivatives are provided that act as antimicrobials. Also provided are methods for reversing antibiotic resistance in a bacterium, or recovering or enhancing antimicrobial activity of an antibiotic against a variety of microbes, by co-administration with a bis(tryptophan) derivative.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for increasing the lateral root development of a plant by exposing said plant to a composition containing a synthetic amphiphile.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for increasing or enhancing the efficacy of antibiotics, such as by increasing antimicrobial activity, against a variety of microbes by co-administration with synthetic amphiphiles, including lariat ethers and hydraphiles. Methods and compositions for overcoming antibiotic resistance are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for increasing or enhancing the efficacy of antibiotics, such as by increasing antimicrobial activity, against a variety of microbes by co-administration with synthetic amphiphiles, including lariat ethers and hydraphiles. Methods and compositions for overcoming antibiotic resistance are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to amphiphiles for the formation of a synthetic ion channel in a phospholipid bilayer or biomembrane. The synthetic channel selectively transports chloride ions across the phospholipid bilayer or the membrane. Said amphiphiles impart ion permeability to the phospholipid bilayers or biomembrane and also modulate cellular volume in mammalian cells in vitro.

Abstract: The design, synthesis, and characterization of synthetic anion membrane transporters are presented. These novel compounds impart ion permeability to phospholipid bilayers and also modulate cellular volume in mammalian cells in vitro. The compounds insert rapidly into liposomes and planar lipid bilayers.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting parasitic activity is disclosed in which the biosynthesis, structure and/or function of the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor of said parasite may be affected by incorporating into said GPI anchor selected analogs of myristic acid containing various heteroatoms, substituents and unsaturated bonds, including ester-containing analogs, ketocarbonyl-containing analogs, sulfur-containing analogs, double bond- and triple bond-containing analogs, aromatic moiety-containing analogs, nitrated analogs and halogenated analogs.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting parasitic activity is disclosed in which the biosynthesis, structure and/or function of the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor of said parasite may be affected by incorporating into said GPI anchor selected analogs of myristic acid containing various heteroatoms, substituents and unsaturated bonds, including ester-containing analogs, ketocarbonyl-containing analogs, sulfur-containing analogs, double bond- and triple bond-containing analogs, aromatic moiety-containing analogs, nitrated analogs and halogenated analogs.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting parasitic activity is disclosed in which the biosynthesis, structure and/or function of the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor of said parasite may be affected by incorporating into said GPI anchor selected analogs of myristic acid containing various heteroatoms, substituents and unsaturated bonds, including ester-containing analogs, ketocarbonyl-containing analogs, sulfur-containing analogs, double bond- and triple bond-containing analogs, aromatic moiety-containing analogs, nitrated analogs and halogenated analogs.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting parasitic activity is disclosed in which the biosynthesis, structure and/or function of the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor of said parasite may be affected by incorporating into said GPI anchor selected analogs of myristic acid containing various heteroatoms, substituents and unsaturated bonds, including ester-containing analogs, ketocarbonyl-containing analogs, sulfur-containing analogs, double bond- and triple bond-containing analogs, aromatic moiety-containing analogs, nitrated analogs and halogenated analogs.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting parasitic activity is disclosed in which the biosynthesis, structure and/or function of the glycotyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor of said parasite may be affected by incorporating into said GPI anchor selected analogs of myristic acid containing various heteroatoms, substituents and unsaturated bonds, including ester-containing analogs, ketocarbonyl-containing analogs, sulfur-containing analogs, double bond- and triple bond-containing analogs, aromatic moiety-containing analogs, nitrated analogs and halogenated analogs.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting parasitic activity is disclosed in which the biosynthesis, structure and/or function of the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor of said parasite may be affected by incorporating into said GPI anchor selected analogs of myristic acid containing various heteroatoms, substituents and unsaturated bonds, including ester-containing analogs, ketocarbonyl-containing analogs, sulfur-containing analogs, double bond- and triple bond-containing analogs, aromatic moiety-containing analogs, nitrated analogs and halogenated analogs.

Abstract: A method for acylating peptides and proteins with the CoA-ester of diheteroatom substituted C.sub.13 to C.sub.14 myristic acid analogs catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferase is presented. In the analogs, two non-adjacent methylene groups, which are normally at positions 3-13, are replaced with oxygen or sulfur atoms.

Abstract: Novel diheteroatom-substituted fatty acid analog substrates of myristoylating enzymes are provided which contain oxyen and/or sulfur in place of two methylene groups in carbon positions from 3 to 13 in the fatty acid chain of a C.sub.13 -C.sub.14 fatty acid analog or alkyl ester thereof in which said oxygen or sulfur atoms are separated by at least one methylene group.

Abstract: A new class of macrocylic polyethers having a crown ether attached to a steroid by various connector units have been prepared. These novel structures have applications as ionophores and they form unique, nonionic vesicles (niosomes).

Abstract: A process for the direct preparation of N,N-di-substituted derivatives of 4,13-diaza-18-crown-6 in which the substituents on both nitrogen atoms are identical and derive originally from an amine, by reacting a 1,8-diiodo-3,6-dioxooctane or derivatives thereof in which the substituents are located on positions 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 or 8 or combinations thereof, with a molar equivalent of a primary amine in the presence of a base and solvent.