Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and computer-readable storage media for calibrating focused plenoptic camera data. A calibration technique that does not modify the image data may be applied to raw plenoptic images. Calibration parameters, including but not limited to tilt angle, corner crops, main lens distance from the microlens array, sensor distance from the microlens array, and microimage size, may be specified. Calibration may include scaling down the input texture coordinates for the plenoptic image so that the new coordinate range fits the size of the texture with crops taken into account. These coordinates may be further transformed by one or more of a matrix performing a scaling, to correct for lens distortion; a rotation, to correct for tilts; and a translation that finalizes the necessary corner crops. A transformation matrix is generated that can be applied to the raw image by radiance processing techniques such as super-resolution techniques.

Abstract: A super-resolved demosaicing technique for rendering focused plenoptic camera data performs simultaneous super-resolution and demosaicing. The technique renders a high-resolution output image from a plurality of separate microimages in an input image at a specified depth of focus. For each point on an image plane of the output image, the technique determines a line of projection through the microimages in optical phase space according to the current point and angle of projection determined from the depth of focus. For each microimage, the technique applies a kernel centered at a position on the current microimage intersected by the line of projection to accumulate, from pixels at each microimage covered by the kernel at the respective position, values for each color channel weighted according to the kernel. A value for a pixel at the current point in the output image is computed from the accumulated values for the color channels.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for super-resolution in integral photography are described. Several techniques are described that, alone or in combination, may improve the super-resolution process and/or the quality of super-resolved images that may be generated from flats captured with a focused plenoptic camera using a super-resolution algorithm. At least some of these techniques involve modifications to the focused plenoptic camera design. In addition, at least some of these techniques involve modifications to the super-resolution rendering algorithm. The techniques may include techniques for reducing the size of pixels, techniques for shifting pixels relative to each other so that super-resolution is achievable at more or all depths of focus, and techniques for sampling using an appropriate filter or kernel. These techniques may, for example, reduce or eliminate the need to perform deconvolution on a super-resolved image, and may improve super-resolution results and/or increase performance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and computer-readable storage media for simulating artistic effects in images rendered from plenoptic data. An impressionistic-style artistic effect may be generated in output images of a rendering process by an “impressionist” 4D filter applied to the microimages in a flat captured with focused plenoptic camera technology. Individual pixels are randomly selected from blocks of pixels in the microimages, and only the randomly selected pixels are used to render an output image. The randomly selected pixels are rendered to generate the artistic effect, such as an “impressionistic” effect, in the output image. A rendering technique is applied that samples pixel values from microimages using a thin sampling kernel, for example a thin Gaussian kernel, so that pixel values are sampled only from one or a few of the microimages.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and computer-readable storage media for simulating artistic effects in images rendered from plenoptic data. An impressionistic-style artistic effect may be generated in output images of a rendering process by an “impressionist” 4D filter applied to the microimages in a flat captured with focused plenoptic camera technology. Individual pixels are randomly selected from blocks of pixels in the microimages, and only the randomly selected pixels are used to render an output image. The randomly selected pixels are rendered to generate the artistic effect, such as an “impressionistic” effect, in the output image. A rendering technique is applied that samples pixel values from microimages using a thin sampling kernel, for example a thin Gaussian kernel, so that pixel values are sampled only from one or a few of the microimages.

Abstract: A super-resolved demosaicing technique for rendering focused plenoptic camera data performs simultaneous super-resolution and demosaicing. The technique renders a high-resolution output image from a plurality of separate microimages in an input image at a specified depth of focus. For each point on an image plane of the output image, the technique determines a line of projection through the microimages in optical phase space according to the current point and angle of projection determined from the depth of focus. For each microimage, the technique applies a kernel centered at a position on the current microimage intersected by the line of projection to accumulate, from pixels at each microimage covered by the kernel at the respective position, values for each color channel weighted according to the kernel. A value for a pixel at the current point in the output image is computed from the accumulated values for the color channels.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for super-resolution in integral photography are described. Several techniques are described that, alone or in combination, may improve the super-resolution process and/or the quality of super-resolved images that may be generated from flats captured with a focused plenoptic camera using a super-resolution algorithm. At least some of these techniques involve modifications to the focused plenoptic camera design. In addition, at least some of these techniques involve modifications to the super-resolution rendering algorithm. The techniques may include techniques for reducing the size of pixels, techniques for shifting pixels relative to each other so that super-resolution is achievable at more or all depths of focus, and techniques for sampling using an appropriate filter or kernel. These techniques may, for example, reduce or eliminate the need to perform deconvolution on a super-resolved image, and may improve super-resolution results and/or increase performance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and computer-readable storage media for calibrating focused plenoptic camera data. A calibration technique that does not modify the image data may be applied to raw plenoptic images. Calibration parameters, including but not limited to tilt angle, corner crops, main lens distance from the microlens array, sensor distance from the microlens array, and microimage size, may be specified. Calibration may include scaling down the input texture coordinates for the plenoptic image so that the new coordinate range fits the size of the texture with crops taken into account. These coordinates may be further transformed by one or more of a matrix performing a scaling, to correct for lens distortion; a rotation, to correct for tilts; and a translation that finalizes the necessary corner crops. A transformation matrix is generated that can be applied to the raw image by radiance processing techniques such as super-resolution techniques.