Abstract: In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to an analyte detection system. In some embodiments, the system includes a biosensor operable to be implanted into a media and a transmitter having a light source. In some embodiments, the transmitter is operable to be external to the media and operable to receive photoluminescence outputs back from the biosensor to determine properties of an analyte. In an additional embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to an analyte detection system. In some embodiments, the system includes a biosensor operable to be implanted into a media and a transmitter having a light source. In some embodiments, the transmitter is operable to be external to the media and operable to receive photoluminescence outputs back from the biosensor to determine properties of analytes. In a further embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a biosensor having a plurality of discrete compartments in a barcode configuration.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for cleaning an implanted medical device. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a medical device including a membrane; wherein the membrane comprises a thermoresponsive hydrogel including N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), and a volume phase transition temperature (VPTT). The method also includes implanting the medical device into a target area; wherein the membrane temperature is maintained at substantially the same temperature as the target area; wherein temperature fluctuations within the target area that approach, meet and/or exceed the volume phase transition temperature induce deswelling or relative deswelling in the membrane and temperature fluctuations within the target area that are relatively lower and/or approach and/or fall below the volume phase transition temperature induce swelling or relative swelling in the membrane.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to a sensor that includes a transduction agent, a plurality of analyte binding agents immobilized on the transduction agent, and a coating agent that forms a coating around at least some of the analyte binding agents. Further embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of detecting one or more analytes in a sample by associating the sample with a sensor of the present disclosure; detecting a signal from the sensor; and correlating the signal to the presence or absence of the one or more analytes in the sample. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of making the sensors of the present disclosure by immobilizing a plurality of analyte binding agents on a transduction agent; and coating at least some of the analyte binding agents with a coating agent to form a sensor.

Abstract: In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a microfluidic device composed of a substrate having an inlet region and a first storage region, a fluid transporting channel in fluid communication with the inlet region, an expandable component in fluid communication with the fluid transporting channel and coupled to a movable arm, and a fluid transporting region coupled to the movable arm and operable to be moved in a horizontal direction to the fluid transporting channel to thereby form fluidic contact between the inlet region and the first storage region upon expansion of the expandable component. In an additional embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a method of fluid flow utilizing a microfluidic device of the present disclosure.

Abstract: Provided are methods of quantifying analyte concentration in a sample by providing a pre-screened amount of an enzyme that has been pre-screened against the analyte in the sample; associating the pre-screened enzyme with a Raman reporter molecule that reacts with the enzyme to result in a change in the Raman spectrum pattern of the Raman reporter molecule; detecting the change in the Raman spectrum pattern of the Raman reporter molecule; and correlating the change (e.g., change rate) to the concentration of the analyte in the sample. Pre-screening may affect the concentration or activity of the enzyme in proportion to analyte concentration. Correlation may occur by correlating the change in the Raman spectrum pattern of the Raman reporter molecule to the concentration of the pre-screened amount of the enzyme, and correlating the concentration of the pre-screened amount of the enzyme to the concentration of the analyte in the sample.

Abstract: A method of predicting a composition of a meal includes obtaining data relating to concentration of a biomarker of an individual that consumed the meal, analyzing the data to determine the composition of the meal, wherein the analyzing comprises using a computational model. The computational model relies upon statistical learning techniques to breakdown meal composition into macronutrient levels.

Abstract: An embodiment relates generally to an improved method and apparatus for modulating the amplitude and rotation of the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light for multiple uses but primarily as part of a noninvasive glucose monitoring system. As compared to previous monitoring systems, an embodiment provides faster monitoring while maintaining or even reducing noise and minimizing system complexity. Embodiments described herein address these concerns with a modulation and compensation approach that both uses a single high speed device and also modulation of the lasers.

Abstract: There is a need in the point-of-care diagnostic community for an efficient and portable method for testing blood and other biological fluids that can be easily translated across multiple applications. An aspect of the invention described involves monitoring the optical properties of molecularly-mediated nanoparticle assemblies though an optically transparent and magnetically active microfluidic chip, which has recently emerged as an attractive method for biomarker detection as it is an efficient tool for monitoring the binding events that take place in a sensing assay. In one embodiment, this device is directed towards two-nanoparticle assays that rely on the assembly or disassembly of plasmonic and magnetic nanoparticles in response to a certain analyte. A further embodiment is directed to a spiral microfluidic using inertial forces to filter fluid components by size, connected to a magnetically active channel comprised of a nickel micropad array, optically transparent microchannel, and permanent magnets.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to biosensors comprising one or more encapsulated functionalized domains, where the encapsulating matrix acts as the primary interface between the biosensor and the environment. Embodiments of the invention are directed to the fabrication of the biosensor.

Abstract: There is a need in the point-of-care diagnostic community for an efficient and portable method for testing blood and other biological fluids that can be easily translated across multiple applications. An aspect of the invention described involves monitoring the optical properties of molecularly-mediated nanoparticle assemblies though an optically transparent and magnetically active microfluidic chip, which has recently emerged as an attractive method for biomarker detection as it is an efficient tool for monitoring the binding events that take place in a sensing assay. In one embodiment, this device is directed towards two-nanoparticle assays that rely on the assembly or disassembly of plasmonic and magnetic nanoparticles in response to a certain analyte. A further embodiment is directed to a spiral microfluidic using inertial forces to filter fluid components by size, connected to a magnetically active channel comprised of a nickel micropad array, optically transparent microchannel, and permanent magnets.

Abstract: An adhesive interface device includes an interface material having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface is configured to adhere to a tissue, the second surface is configured to adhere to a wearable optical sensor device, and the interface material has a refractive index similar to the tissue when illuminated.

Abstract: There is a need in the point-of-care diagnostic community for an efficient and portable method for testing blood and other biological fluids that can be easily translated across multiple applications. An aspect of the invention described involves monitoring the optical properties of molecularly-mediated nanoparticle assemblies though an optically transparent and magnetically active microfluidic chip, which has recently emerged as an attractive method for biomarker detection as it is an efficient tool for monitoring the binding events that take place in a sensing assay. In one embodiment, this device is directed towards two-nanoparticle assays that rely on the assembly or disassembly of plasmonic and magnetic nanoparticles in response to a certain analyte. A further embodiment is directed to a spiral microfluidic using inertial forces to filter fluid components by size, connected to a magnetically active channel comprised of a nickel micropad array, optically transparent microchannel, and permanent magnets.

Abstract: An embodiment relates generally to an improved method and apparatus for modulating the amplitude and rotation of the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light for multiple uses but primarily as part of a noninvasive glucose monitoring system. As compared to previous monitoring systems, an embodiment provides faster monitoring while maintaining or even reducing noise and minimizing system complexity. Embodiments described herein address these concerns with a modulation and compensation approach that both uses a single high speed device and also modulation of the lasers.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for cleaning an implanted medical device. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a medical device including a membrane; wherein the membrane comprises a thermoresponsive hydrogel including N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), and a volume phase transition temperature (VPTT). The method also includes implanting the medical device into a target area; wherein the membrane temperature is maintained at substantially the same temperature as the target area; wherein temperature fluctuations within the target area that approach, meet and/or exceed the volume phase transition temperature induce deswelling or relative deswelling in the membrane and temperature fluctuations within the target area that are relatively lower and/or approach and/or fall below the volume phase transition temperature induce swelling or relative swelling in the membrane.

Abstract: There is a need in the point-of-care diagnostic community for an efficient and portable method for testing blood and other biological fluids that can be easily translated across multiple applications. An aspect of the invention described involves monitoring the optical properties of molecularly-mediated nanoparticle assemblies though an optically transparent and magnetically active microfluidic chip, which has recently emerged as an attractive method for biomarker detection as it is an efficient tool for monitoring the binding events that take place in a sensing assay. In one embodiment, this device is directed towards two-nanoparticle assays that rely on the assembly or disassembly of plasmonic and magnetic nanoparticles in response to a certain analyte. A further embodiment is directed to a spiral microfluidic using inertial forces to filter fluid components by size, connected to a magnetically active channel comprised of a nickel micropad array, optically transparent microchannel, and permanent magnets.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for a tissue mechanical property monitoring system are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a tissue mechanical property monitoring system is disclosed. The tissue mechanical property monitoring system may comprise a probe, wherein the probe comprises a light source and a photodetector; and a main unit, wherein the main unit comprises a microcontroller and wireless transmitter. The probe may be hermetically sealed and may be capable of being implanted onto tissue. The photodetector may be capable of collecting reflectance data from the light emitted by the light source. The reflectance data may be capable of being sorted and processed into tissue mechanical property data such as tissue compliance, vascular resistance, and the like for the tissue illuminated with the probe.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for an oxygen consumption monitoring system are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, an oxygen consumption monitoring system is disclosed. The oxygen consumption monitoring system may comprise a probe, wherein the probe comprises a light source and a photodetector; and a main unit, wherein the main unit comprises a microcontroller and wireless transmitter. The probe may be hermetically sealed and may be capable of being implanted onto tissue. The photodetector may be capable of collecting reflectance data from the light emitted by the light source. The reflectance data may be capable of being sorted into arterial and venous blood oxygen consumption data for the tissue onto which the probe was placed or implanted. The data from the probe may be further sorted and processed to produce perfusion, heart rate, energy expenditure, caloric burn, blood pressure, hemoglobin concentration changes, and tissue oxidative stress.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a ligand that competes with glucose for binding the protein Concanavalin A (ConA) and competitive binding assays incorporating the ligand. The competing ligand binds to the primary and part or all of the extended binding sites of Concanavalin A. These and other aspects of the disclosure are useful for glucose monitoring (e.g., continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)).

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method of measuring a glucose concentration metric or a glucose metric in a patient by contacting an implantable glucose-sensing device with a test sample, which may be in the patient, under conditions that permit a sugar-binding molecule and a functionalized polymer or nano-particle ligand present throughout the matrix of a hydrogel to interact in a glucose-dependent manner to produce an optical signal resulting from quenching of a first fluorophore linked to the ligand or sugar-binding molecule and having a fluorescent emission spectrum quenched upon binding or release of glucose. Next the first fluorophore may be excited with light of a certain wavelength. Then at least one wavelength of light in the glucose-dependent optical signal from the fluorophore may be detected with a detector to produce a detected light signal, which may be processed to produce a glucose metric, such as a glucose concentration metric.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to systems, devices, and methods of sensing an analyte. An implantable sensor may be contacted with a test sample under conditions that permit a binding protein and a ligand of the sensor to interact in an analyte-dependent manner to produce an analyte-dependent signal, and (b) detecting the analyte-dependent signal with a detector. A binding protein may reversibly bind an analyte and/or a ligand. A binding protein may have a higher binding affinity for an analyte than for a ligand. A binding protein and a ligand may each include a fluorophore, the absorption and/or emission properties of which may change in an analyte-dependent manner. A binding protein and/or a ligand may be bound to an active or inactive substrate. Some embodiments of systems, devices, and methods may be practiced in vitro, in situ, and/or in vivo. Systems and/or devices of the disclosure may be configured to be wearable.