Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), and their use as herbicides. In said formula, R1 to R8 represent groups such as hydrogen, halogen or organic groups such as alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy; X is a bond or a divalent unit; Y is hydrogen, cyano, hydroxyl or a linear or cyclic organic group. The invention further refers to a composition comprising such compound and to the use thereof for controlling unwanted vegetation.

Abstract: An optical tracking device, a surgical navigation system and a surgical navigation method are disclosed. The optical tracking device comprises a body having at least two optically distinguishable lines, wherein at least one of the lines is an edge of the body. The lines are configured to be detected by an optical detection system simultaneously. They have a fixed spatial relationship between each other. The method comprises providing the optical tracking device, acquiring data describing the fixed spatial relationship, detecting the lines and determining the spatial position and/or orientation of the optical tracking device based on the detected lines and the fixed spatial relationship.

Abstract: A tracker for a surgical navigation system, a tracker system, and a surgical navigation system are provided. The tracker comprises a carrier and an electrical circuit disposed on the carrier. The electrical circuit comprises at least one infrared light emitting diode, IR-LED, and a battery or a wireless power reception device configured to receive power wirelessly, wherein the battery or the wireless power reception device is configured to provide power to operate the at least one IR-LED. The electrical circuit is configured to limit a current for at least one of the at least one IR-LED to not exceed 15 mA.

Abstract: Data analytics reporting (DAR) of a Radio Access Network (RAN) key performance indicator (KPI) from a data extraction entity (DEE) to a data analytics entity (DAE) in a data analytics process (DAP) is performed via an interface. The DEE is comprised in a gNB-Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) or a function therein. The DAE is comprised in a gNB-Centralized Unit (gNB-CU) or a function therein. A dataset regarding said KPI is transmitted from the DEE to the DAE. Said dataset comprises at least one empirical statistical moment mi determined by the DEE. Each of the at least one empirical statistical moment mi is determined by the DEE based on the following equation: m i = 1 N S ? ? n = 1 N S s n i . sn is a data sample of the KPI, and NS is a number of samples contributing to the respective moment mi.

Abstract: Data analytics reporting (DAR) of a Radio Access Network (RAN) key performance indicator (KPI) from a data extraction entity (DEE) to a data analytics entity (DAE) in a data analytics process (DAP) is performed via an interface. The DEE is comprised in a gNB-Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) or a function therein. The DAE is comprised in a gNB-Centralized Unit (gNB-CU) or a function therein. A dataset regarding said KPI is transmitted from the DEE to the DAE. Said dataset comprises at least one empirical statistical moment mi determined by the DEE. Each of the at least one empirical statistical moment mi is determined by the DEE based on the following equation: m i = 1 N S ? ? n = 1 N S s n i . s n is a data sample of the KPI, and NS is a number of samples contributing to the respective moment mi.

Abstract: A radio access system includes: a set of radio access entities, in particular a set of gNBs and/or ng-eNBs, which are interconnected via respective first interfaces; and a centralized resource controller. Each radio access entity of the set of radio access entities comprises a centralized unit (CU) and at least one distributed unit (DU) coupled to the CU via a second interface. The centralized resource controller configured to assign computational resources to the CUs and the DUs of the radio access entities based on measurement reports received via the first interfaces and/or the second interfaces from the respective units, wherein the measurement reports comprise information about a computational resource utilization of the respective units.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems, devices and methods for detecting network intrusions. Embodiments are directed to processing vehicle network traffic with known traffic profiles. In one embodiment, violations of the known traffic profiles may be reported. Configurations and processes are also provided for network interface controllers.

Abstract: A radio access system includes: a set of radio access entities, in particular a set of gNBs and/or ng-eNBs, which are interconnected via respective first interfaces; and a centralized resource controller. Each radio access entity of the set of radio access entities comprises a centralized unit (CU) and at least one distributed unit (DU) coupled to the CU via a second interface. The centralized resource controller configured to assign computational resources to the CUs and the DUs of the radio access entities based on measurement reports received via the first interfaces and/or the second interfaces from the respective units, wherein the measurement reports comprise information about a computational resource utilization of the respective units.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems, devices and methods for detecting network intrusions. Embodiments are directed to processing vehicle network traffic with known traffic profiles. In one embodiment, violations of the known traffic profiles may be reported. Configurations and processes are also provided for network interface controllers.

Abstract: A radio access entity includes: a first communication interface for receiving a communication packet, wherein the communication packet comprises useful data and supplementary data; a processor configured to separate the useful data from the supplementary data, to transfer the useful data into a first data packet and to transfer the supplementary data into a second data packet; and a second communication interface configured to send out the first data packet according to a first data transmission protocol and to send out the second data packet according to a second data transmission protocol, wherein the first data transmission protocol and the second data transmission protocol are different from one another.

Abstract: A radio access entity for communicating with a mobile communication device via a radio access network includes: a first communication interface for receiving a data stream; a processor configured to split the data stream into a first sub-data stream and a second sub-data stream on the basis of a first efficiency level of a first communication port of the mobile communication device and a second efficiency level of a second communication port of the mobile communication device; and a second communication interface configured to send the first sub-data stream to the first communication port in a manner corresponding to the first data transmission technology and to send the second sub-data stream to the second communication port in a manner corresponding to the second data transmission technology.

Abstract: A trioxopyrimidine-cyclodextrin complex formed of a trioxopyrimidine derivative or a salt thereof and a water-soluble cyclodextrin derivative has improved solubility.

Abstract: A method and a system is provided for optimizing the throughput of a TCP flow from a TCP source to a TCP destination in a wireless network with the path of the flow encompassing a wireless link between a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver. The throughput is optimized by using link-layer mechanisms at the wireless transmitter which are adaptive to the instantaneous TCP dynamics of the TCP flow. In particular, a cross-layer approach is disclosed which serves to tunnel information of TCP congestion control dynamics directly from the TCP based transport layer to the data link-layer which selects in response to these information modulation and/or coding schemas to transmit TCP segments via data link-layer blocks with improved TCP throughput.

Abstract: A system and method for accessing information and for communication in a high-speed vehicle having a plurality of coupled units, including at least one server unit that is provided in one unit of the vehicle and is set up for making information available and for communication, a plurality of radio access points which are provided in different units and are designed for data communication with data-processing devices via radio, a data network which connects the server unit to the radio access points in terms of communication, and which has wireless communications links between adjacent coupled units.

Abstract: A trioxopyrimidine-cyclodextrin complex formed of a trioxopyrimidine derivative or a salt thereof and a water-soluble cyclodextrin derivative has improved solubility.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling frequency selection within a wireless communication system in response to radar-like interference signals. The method comprises continuously or quasi-continuously monitoring and assessing a plurality of frequencies with respect to a radar-like interference signal and allocating a quality parameter to each assessed frequency, the quality parameter indicating the probability that the frequency is occupied. The method further comprises selecting one or more frequencies in dependence on the allocated quality parameters and subsequent frequency monitoring.

Abstract: Interference Measurements in a Wireless Communications SystemA method and a transmitting unit for performing an interference measurement in a multiple access wireless communications system utilizing a carrier sensing technique is described. In accordance with the carrier sensing technique, it is monitored during a sensing period (Tmin) if a carrier is idle. A continuous or quasi-continuous interference measurement is performed on the carrier during a measurement period (TM) which is typically longer than the sensing period (Tmin). While performing the interference measurement, pulses are transmitted on the carrier such that an interval between the end of a pulse and the beginning of the next pulse is typically shorter than the sensing period (Tmin). The interference measurements preferably relate to detection of interference from radar signals or radar like signals.

Abstract: In a packet transmission system, especially wireless transmission system, where data is transmitted in packets at different error protection levels and where the error protection level of one packet (=the succeeding packet) may differ from the error protection level of a preceding packet without providing code termination between the said preceding and the said succeeding packet the performance may degrade in case a different error protection level is used by the preceding packet and the succeeding packet. The invention proposes in these cases to insert a supplementary packet between the preceding and the succeeding packet whereby the error protection level of the supplementary packet is higher than the lowest error protection level that is used either by the preceding or the succeeding packet.

Abstract: A system and method for accessing information and for communication in a high-speed vehicle having a plurality of coupled units, including at least one server unit that is provided in one unit of the vehicle and is set up for making information available and for communication, a plurality of radio access points which are provided in different units and are designed for data communication with data-processing devices via radio, a data network which connects the server unit to the radio access points in terms of communication, and which has wireless communications links between adjacent coupled units.

Abstract: A method and a system is provided for optimizing the throughput of a TCP flow from a TCP source to a TCP destination in a wireless network with the path of the flow encompassing a wireless link between a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver. The throughput is optimized by using link-layer mechanisms at the wireless transmitter which are adaptive to the instantaneous TCP dynamics of the TCP flow. In particular, a cross-layer approach is disclosed which serves to tunnel information of TCP congestion control dynamics directly from the TCP based transport layer to the data link-layer which selects in response to these information modulation and/or coding schemas to transmit TCP segments via data link-layer blocks with improved TCP throughput.