Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a 4,5-dihydroxyisoleucine derivative comprising the steps of asymmetric Claisen rearrangement of a Z-aminocrotyl-glycin ester and subsequent kinetic resolution of the product diastereomer mix by acylase, and subsequent Sharpless dihydroxylation of the resulting 2-amino-3-methylpent-4-enoic acid derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a 4,5-dihydroxyisoleucine derivative comprising the steps of asymmetric Claisen rearrangement of a Z-aminocrotyl-glycin ester and subsequent kinetic resolution of the product diastereomer mix by acylase, and subsequent Sharpless dihydroxylation of the resulting 2-amino-3-methylpent-4-enoic acid derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a ketone of a general formula 1 with X being Cl or Br, in particular with X being Cl, with Y being F, Cl, Br, I or H, in particular with Y being F, comprising the steps of: activation of a carboxylic acid by using a peptide coupling agent, coupling of the activated carboxylic acid with a malonic acid derivative providing a ?-ketoester precursor and converting the ?-ketoester precursor to the ketone of the general formula 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a ketone of a general formula 1 with X being Cl or Br, in particular with X being Cl, with Y being F, Cl, Br, I or H, in particular with Y being F, comprising the steps of: activation of a carboxylic acid by using a peptide coupling agent, coupling of the activated carboxylic acid with a malonic acid derivative providing a ?-ketoester precursor and converting the ?-ketoester precursor to the ketone of the general formula 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing Nebivolol hydrochloride, (formula I) comprising the steps of: provision of a protected Nebivolol hydrochloride of the general formula (II), with P being an amine protecting group, and hydrogenation of said protected Nebivolol hydrochloride yielding Nebivolol hydrochloride of the formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing Nebivolol hydrochloride, (formula I) comprising the steps of: provision of a protected Nebivolol hydrochloride of the general formula (II), with P being an amine protecting group, and hydrogenation of said protected Nebivolol hydrochloride yielding Nebivolol hydrochloride of the formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a ketone of a general formula 1 with X being Cl or Br, in particular with X being Cl, with Y being F, Cl, Br, I or H, in particular with Y being F, comprising the steps of: activation of a carboxylic acid by using a peptide coupling agent, coupling of the activated carboxylic acid with a malonic acid derivative providing a ?-ketoester precursor and converting the ?-ketoester precursor to the ketone of the general formula 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing racemic nebivolol represented by general formula (I) from the enantiomerically-pure compounds represented by formula (IVa) and (IVb); whereby racemic nebivolol is obtained through mixing enantiomerically-pure d-nebivolol and l-nebivolol which are synthesised independent of each other as enantiomerically-pure compounds through individual coupling of the 4 enantiomerically-pure key intermediates represented by formula (IIa-d) to the corresponding precursors represented by formula (IIIa-d); whereby d-nebivolol (Ia) is obtained through coupling (IIa) to (IIIb) or (IIb) to (IIIa) and l-nebivolol (Ib) is obtained through coupling (IIc) to (IIId) or (IId) to (IIIc), and PG in the intermediates represented by formula (IIa-d) is a hydrogen atom or an amine protection group, and X in the precursors represented by formula (IIIa-d) is a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an acyl group, an alkylsulfonyloxy group or an arylsulfonyloxy group, whereby intermedi

Abstract: A process for producing a nonapeptide leuprolide and an intermediate N-protected oligopetides, wherein at least one peptide bond of the compound is formed by reacting an activated carboxylic acid and an amine component in a continuous flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing the nonapeptide leuprolide and the intermediate N-protected oligopetides thereof, wherein at least one peptide bond of the compound is formed by reacting an activated carboxylic acid and an amine component in a continuous flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cyclosporins, processes for their preparation, their use as pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them. The novel cyclosporins are represented by the compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the letters A to L represent residues of amino acids.