Abstract: Hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate and/or isomeric aliphatic diisocyanates where alkylene is of 6 carbon atoms, preferably 2-methylpentamethylene 1,5-diisocyanate and/or 2-ethyltetramethylene 1,4-diisocyanate, are prepared by a process wherein the corresponding dialkylurethanes are vaporized, without decomposition, at from 220.degree. to 300.degree. C., advantageously under reduced pressure, the dialkylurethane vapors are subjected to thermal cleavage under reduced pressure, preferably from 0.1 to 200 mbar, and at above 300.degree. C., preferably from 310.degree. to 480.degree. C. The cleavage products are fractionally condensed with the product obtained in the first condensation stage consisting predominantly of the diisocyanates, while that obtained in the second condensation stage is the alcohol.

Abstract: N- and O-substituted carbamates are prepared by reacting urea with an aminopropanol at 140.degree. C. or above. The compounds obtained by the novel process are useful starting materials for the preparation of textile finishing agents, stabilizers, plasticizers, dyes and crop protection agents.

Abstract: Tertiary alcohols are prepared by oxidizing tertiary aldehydes with oxygen at elevated temperatures.The tertiary alcohols prepared in this way are valuable and versatile intermediates for dyes, drugs and crop protection agents and are used, for example, in the preparation of agrochemicals.

Abstract: Organic isocyanates, preferably alkyl, mono-, di- and/or polyisocyanates or aryl-mono-, di- and/or polyisocyanates, are prepared by thermally cleaving the corresponding urethanes at temperatures of 175.degree. C. to 600.degree. C. in the presence of carbon, preferably in an agitated carbon bed or in a fluidized bed containing carbon.

Abstract: N-Substituted carbamates are prepared by reacting a carbamate with an olefin in the presence of a cation exchanger containing sulfonic acid groups and of from 0.1 to 50 g of an alcohol per mole of starting material II.The N-substituted carbamates obtainable by the process of the invention are active ingredients and useful starting materials for the preparation of dyes, pesticides and drugs.

Abstract: A mixture, soluble in organic solvents, of compounds of the formula ##STR1## where D is a radical of the formula ##STR2## n is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, methoxy or ethoxy;with the proviso that the mixture contains compounds with n=0, 1 and 2 and, optionally, 3; is disclosed as being exceptionally suitable for dyeing petroleum products, waxes and greases.

Abstract: p-Substituted aromatic amines are prepared by reacting a p-substituted, aromatic carbamic acid ester with an aromatic amine in the presence of an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohol. The aromatic amines obtainable by the process according to the invention are antiseptics and valuable starting materials for the preparation of dyes, resins, finishes, plastics, pesticides and drugs.

Abstract: A process for the production of mixtures of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates comprising the steps ofA. reacting aniline and an O-alkyl carbamate to form N-phenylurethanes;B. isolating the N-phenylurethanes;C. condensing, in the presence of an acid, the N-phenylurethanes with formaldehyde or bifunctional compounds having the formulaX--CH.sub.2 --Xin which X stands for a RO--, RS-- or ROCO radical and R denotes an alkyl radical, to form mixtures of methylene bis(phenylurethanes) and polymethylene polyphenylurethanes;D. cleaving the mixtures of methylene bis(phenylurethanes) and polymethylene polyphenylurethanes at temperatures of 175.degree. C. to 600.degree. C.; andE. isolating the mixtures of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate resulting from step D.

Abstract: Methylene-bis-phenylcarbamic acid esters and polymethylene-polyphenylcarbamic acid esters are prepared by reacting N-phenylcarbamic acid esters with formaldehyde, formaldehyde derivatives or formaldehyde donors in the presence of carboxylic acids having a pK.sub.a of less than 4.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a butyrolactone of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or phenyl and R.sup.2 to R.sup.6 are hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or phenyl, wherein a .gamma.-formylcarboxylic acid ester of the formula ##STR2## where R is lower alkyl, is treated with oxygen at an elevated temperature of 60.degree.-150.degree. C.

Abstract: 1-(Aralkyl)-2-naphthols are prepared by reacting a 2-naphthol with a styrene in the presence of a carboxylic acid.The 1-(aralkyl)-2-naphthols obtainable by the process according to the invention are valuable starting materials for the preparation of dyes, pest control agents, drugs, ointments, emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, hydraulic fluids, plasticizers, corrosion inhibitors, disinfectants, crop protection agents and scents.

Abstract: A process for preparing a methylene-bis-(4-phenylcarbamic acid ester), wherein an N-phenylcarbamic acid ester is reacted with an acylal in the presence of an acid at from 50.degree. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: p-Substituted, aromatic carbamic acid esters are prepared by reacting an aromatic carbamic acid ester with an olefin in the presence of an inorganic acid or sulfonic acid.The aromatic carbamic acid esters obtainable by the process of the invention are active ingredients for pesticides and drugs, as well as valuable starting materials for the preparation of such ingredients and of dyes.

Abstract: N-substituted carboxylic acid amides are prepared by reacting cyano compounds with olefins and water in the presence of cation exchangers containing sulfonic acid groups. The end products I are starting materials for the preparation of dyes, pesticides, emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, textile auxiliaries and printing assistants.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of methylene-bis-(4-phenylcarbamic acid esters), wherein an N-phenylcarbamic acid ester is reacted with a formaldehyde-acetal in the presence of an acid at up to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: Mixtures of dyes of the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl and n is a number from 0 to 6 are exceptionally suitable--especially when used in the form of stock solution--for coloring mineral oil products.

Abstract: Alkylphenol compounds are manufactured by continuous reaction of phenolic compounds with olefins in the presence of a pulverulent polystyrenesulfonic acid exchanger suspended in the reaction mixture. The products are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, emulsifiers, dispersing agents, stabilizers, antioxidants, plasticizers, corrosion inhibitors, disinfectants, seed dressings, aging inhibitors, crop protection agents and scents.

Abstract: p-alkylphenols are manufactured by continuous reaction of phenol with olefins in the presence of a pulverulent polystyrenesulfonic acid ion exchanger which is suspended in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A method of printing fibrous materials using a print paste incorporating as emulsifier a di-(.alpha.-phenylethyl)-phenol which has been first reacted with from 2 to 12 moles of propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and then with from 14 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide.

Abstract: Anthraquinones are manufactured by cyclizing o-benzoylbenzoic acids in the presence of oxygen-containing compounds of aluminum and silicon at elevated temperatures. The products are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes.