Abstract: An apparatus and a method for treating a composition containing toxic materials or biosolids, wherein the apparatus has a hydraulically sealable top that can be opened to allow loading of the composition or closed to substantially seal the apparatus. The apparatus also includes a reagent injection system for injecting a reagent into the apparatus, a mixing device for mixing the composition with the reagent, a heater system for heating the composition, or the mixture of the composition and the reagent, an internal vapor recovery system for recovering gases, vapors, and odors from the toxic materials or biosolids, or from the reagents, a reagent recovery system for recovering the reagent after it has been mixed with the composition, a discharge mechanism for discharging the treated composition, and a control panel comprising temperature and pressure measurements.

Abstract: An antimicrobial polymer is disclosed containing silicon-containing quaternary ammonium groups, the polymer including in its structure repeating units of Formula II: R3N+R0nSiX?4?nY???(II) wherein each R and each R0 is independently a non-hydrolysable organic group; each X? is —OR?, —OH or —0—Si, wherein R? is an alkyl group of 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or an aryl group of 6 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 0 to 3; and Y is an anionic moiety suitable to form the salt of the repeating units of Formula II. Also disclosed are methods of making such a polymer and imparting sustained antimicrobial properties to a substrate using the polymer.

Abstract: A method of imparting sustained antimicrobial properties throughout a material or substrate using an antimicrobial polymerizable silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt monomer in a solvent to form a quaternary ammonium salt solution; and mixing the silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt solution with at least a second monomer or a polymer or coating a solid polymer. Depending on the nature of the second monomer or polymer and the reaction conditions; a copolymer with the first monomer or a homopolymer will form, such that a polymeric material, substrate or formed plastic product comprising the copolymer or homopolymer or blended with the coated concentrate will have sustained antimicrobial properties. This method can be used to make formed plastic products, thin layer films and other products having sustained antimicrobial properties.