Abstract: Methods and/or systems and/or controllers for estimating an exposure time for an imaging device, especially for estimating exposure times that provide maximum saturation levels while keeping the image sensor operating within its linear range. The imaging device includes an external or embedded image sensor and an external or embedded light source. Such a device may be a dermatoscope, a laparoscope, an endoscope, a microscope, or any digital media devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops etc. The methods and/or systems and/or controllers can include an LED or OLED light source or any type of solid-state light source.

Abstract: Methods and/or systems and/or controllers for estimating an exposure time for an imaging device, especially for estimating exposure times that provide maximum saturation levels while keeping the image sensor operating within its linear range. The imaging device includes an external or embedded image sensor and an external or embedded light source. Such a device may be a dermatoscope, a laparoscope, an endoscope, a microscope, or any digital media devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops etc. The methods and/or systems and/or controllers can include an LED or OLED light source or any type of solid-state light source.

Abstract: A system and method for calibrating an endoscope having the camera and the light source close to each other in an enclosed environment. The system includes a colour chart plate, being specularly reflecting, having radially extending colour patches, and a circular central achromatic bright field that can handle the automatic gain control of the camera. The colour chart can be mounted into a container unit having mechanically connected holders to support the endoscope arm.

Abstract: Known network management systems for managing traffic signals in a network store node/link parameter signals and traffic parameter signals and calculate solutions defining intermediate nodes/links situated between sources and destinations for transporting said traffic signals from said sources to said destinations via said intermediate nodes/links and calculate route information per solution. By storing node/link parameter signals and traffic parameter signals for several situations (like several predictions in the future) and calculating solutions for each situation and then selecting a solution per situation, the network management system will manage the network more advantageously, especially when solutions are compared with each other, and when a solution is selected per situation in dependence of comparison results (comprising similarities/differences between solutions of different situations).

Abstract: A system and method for calibrating an endoscope having the camera and the light source close to each other in an enclosed environment. The system includes a colour chart plate, being specularly reflecting, having radially extending colour patches, and a circular central achromatic bright field that can handle the automatic gain control of the camera. The colour chart can be mounted into a container unit having mechanically connected holders to support the endoscope arm.

Abstract: Known network management systems for managing traffic signals in a network store node/link parameter signals and traffic parameter signals and calculate solutions defining intermediate nodes/links situated between sources and destinations for transporting said traffic signals from said sources to said destinations via said intermediate nodes/links and calculate route information per solution. By storing node/link parameter signals and traffic parameter signals for several situations (like several predictions in the future) and calculating solutions for each situation and then selecting a solution per situation, the network management system will manage the network more advantageously, especially when solutions are compared with each other, and when a solution is selected per situation in dependence of comparison results (comprising similarities/differences between solutions of different situations).

Abstract: Known network management systems for managing traffic signals in a network store node/link parameter signals and traffic parameter signals and calculate solutions defining intermediate nodes/links situated between sources and destinations for transporting said traffic signals from said sources to said destinations via said intermediate nodes/links and calculate route information per solution. By storing node/link parameter signals and traffic parameter signals for several situations (like several predictions in the future) and calculating solutions for each situation and then selecting a solution per situation, the network management system will manage the network more advantageously, especially when solutions are compared with each other, and when a solution is selected per situation in dependence of comparison results (comprising similarities/differences between solutions of different situations).

Abstract: Provided is a management-system for use in a network environment including a first and second IP networks and a transport network which connects the first and second IP networks. The management system includes: a converter for optimizing a path in an IP-domain via a first algorithm and for converting IP-traffic-signals into transport-traffic-signals; and an optimiser which optimizes a topology that overlays the transport network by optimizing channels in the transport-network according to at least one second algorithm. The first algorithm is an IP multi protocol label switching routing optimization algorithm. The second algorithm is an algorithm based on a plurality of constraints and objectives such as a flow conservation constraint, logical link capacity constraint, optical router port constraint, wavelength cost objective, optical router port occupation objective, advertised link number objective, spare capacity objective, wavelength re-use benefit objective and optical service level agreement constraint.

Abstract: Conferencing systems for exchanging conferencing information between subscriber devices (1-3) via network units (7) according to mode dependent manners get a more dynamic behavior by introducing controllers (6) for controlling the conferencing system for switching the subscriber devices (1-3) and the network unit (7) between different modes. This improves the efficiency of the conferencing systems. The subscriber devices (1-3) comprise at least two subscriber devices (1,2) and the network units (7) comprise reflectors (8) and mixers (9) for, in first modes, exchanging the conferencing information in a first manner between the subscriber devices (1,2) and for, in second modes, exchanging the conferencing information in a second manner between the subscriber devices (1,2) via the reflector (8) and for, in third modes, exchanging the conferencing information in a third manner between the subscriber devices (1,2) via the mixer (9).

Abstract: Known network management systems for managing traffic signals in a network store node/link parameter signals and traffic parameter signals and calculate solutions defining intermediate nodes/links situated between sources and destinations for transporting said traffic signals from said sources to said destinations via said intermediate nodes/links and calculate route information per solution. By storing node/link parameter signals and traffic parameter signals for several situations (like several predictions in the future) and calculating solutions for each situation and then selecting a solution per situation, the network management system will manage the network more advantageously, especially when solutions are compared with each other, and when a solution is selected per situation in dependence of comparison results (comprising similarities/differences between solutions of different situations).

Abstract: Network management systems for managing networks comprising nodes adapt their information parameters, via a one-step-replacement of old information parameters by new information parameters. These network management systems do not keep any transition-overview and must accept the new situation. By introducing a more-than-one-step-replacement via intermediate states, a transition-overview is kept, with said intermediate states allowing so-called make-before-break transitions. Preferably the adaptions are made in an optimised way, by defining constants and variables, and processing at least one objective and constraints, for example all being a function of routing parameters and/or of capacity parameters and/or of intermediate states. Networks comprising such network management systems as well as methods for managing such networks and comprising a step of adapting information parameters via intermediate states are more efficient and reliable.

Abstract: Network-systems comprising IP-networks with nodes (label switched routers) and edge-nodes (those routers coupled to a transport-network) and a transport-network (optical network) comprising channel-switches (optical cross connects) and a management-system for managing networks in an overlay environment (where the topology of the transport.network is not known to the management-system) deal with traffic non-optimally. By providing said management-system with a converter for converting IP-traffic-signals into transport-traffic-signals thereby assuming that both IP-networks are coupled via a star-network with said transport-network corresponding to a star of said star-network, and with an optimiser for in response to said converting optimising a use of channels in said transport-network according to an algorithm, network-systems can handle traffic more optimally. Said algorithm is defined by at least several constraints and several objectives.