Abstract: An apparatus and method for bi-directional communication with an external transceiver; the apparatus comprising a transmitter for transmitting an engagement request message from a tag to said external transceiver when said tag is in a non-engaged mode and for transmitting a directed message from said tag to an engaged external transceiver when said tag is in an engaged mode; a processor for bi-directional communication and for changing said engaged mode of said tag to the non-engaged mode, following a lost connection with said engaged external transceiver; and a receiver for receiving a response for said engagement request message from said external transceiver and for receiving an acknowledgement message to said directed message from said engaged external transceiver.

Abstract: A monitoring apparatus including an ethanol level sensor; an ECG sensor for generating an ECG circuit for sampling an electrical activity of a heart of a monitored person being monitored; and an air inlet component connected to an air flow sensor; wherein a first electrode is attached to the breath inlet component and wherein the ECG circuit is generated when a monitored person is in electrical contact with the first electrode and the second electrode of the ECG.

Abstract: A self-contained drug screening apparatus, comprising a breath inlet component for receiving an exhaled air flow of a person, the exhaled air flow including saliva, and a sensor for sensing a presence of a drug in the saliva, and identification module for detecting an identifying characteristic of the person.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for bi-directional communication with an external transceiver; the apparatus comprising a transmitter for transmitting an engagement request message from a tag to said external transceiver when said tag is in a non-engaged mode and for transmitting a directed message from said tag to an engaged external transceiver when said tag is in an engaged mode; a processor for bi-directional communication and for changing said engaged mode of said tag to the non-engaged mode, following a lost connection with said engaged external transceiver; and a receiver for receiving a response for said engagement request message from said external transceiver and for receiving an acknowledgement message to said directed message from said engaged external transceiver.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the determination of the attitude of a remotely monitored device attached or non-attached to the body of a remotely monitored person is disclosed. The device attitude is determined by two tilt-over switches having pre-defined operating angles that operate in combination. Periodically, indication concerning the number degrees of inclination measured by two tilt-over switches is obtained and a device attitude monitoring calculation is performed based on the indications.

Abstract: An improved transmitting tag for enhancing the tracking and locating capability of a monitoring system and for allowing control over accessibility to particular zones and/or equipment within a restricted area. The tag is provided with a transmitter of multiple broadcasting signals for allowing periodical broadcasting of at least two signals of different strength at different time intervals and preferably of different information content. The signals carry the tag identification code and a strength identification code. The weak signals emitted by the tag can be further exploited for allowing or denying accessibility to local operating systems.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the determination of the attitude of a remotely monitored device attached or non-attached to the body of a remotely monitored person is disclosed. The device attitude is determined by two tilt-over switches having pre-defined operating angles that operate in combination. Periodically, indication concerning the number degrees of inclination measured by two tilt-over switches is obtained and a device attitude monitoring calculation is performed based on the indications.

Abstract: A tag and method for use with a monitoring system, the tag having straps for attaching the tag to the limb of a person, a motion sensor for determining the motion of the person wearing the tag and a second sensor for detecting that the tag was tampered with, the information received from the tag can be identified as tamper alarms.

Abstract: A monitoring and tracking system comprising a plurality of transmitting tags attachable to a plurality of monitored individuals, a plurality of monitoring devices and a central monitoring server. The transmitting tags, each having a unique code, periodically transmit data carrying signals, the signals are received by any of the local monitoring devices when a tag is within a reception range of a local monitoring device for allowing tracking the monitored individuals.

Abstract: A receiving unit and method for determining the distance of an object from a receiving unit in a monitoring system, the receiving unit receives transmitted signals, the receiving unit comprises an attenuating unit for attenuating the transmitted signals by a controlled factor; a receiver for receiving and processing the transmitted signals into readable data; a microcontroller for controlling the operation of the local monitoring unit; and an electronic circuitry for calculating the received strength signal indication, whereby the distance of an object from the receiving unit can be determined.

Abstract: A tag and method for use with a monitoring system, the tag having straps for attaching the tag to the limb of a person, a motion sensor for determining the motion of the person wearing the tag and a second sensor for detecting that the tag was tampered with, the information received from the tag can be identified as tamper alarms.

Abstract: A monitoring device, such as a watch, for monitoring, at a remote location, movements and activities of a person, the device is worn around the wrist of the person being monitored, the device comprising, a housing, a strap connected to the housing for fastening the device around the wrist of the person being monitored, a tamper sensor for detecting tampering with or the removal of the device from the person's wrist. It further includes electronic circuitry enclosed within the housing. The circuitry includes a microprocessor and a memory device for receiving and processing data and a transmitter for periodically transmitting data to a remote location and a time display, coupled to a clock mechanism, mounted in the housing so as to be displayed at the front face of the housing.

Abstract: A receiving unit and method for determining the distance of an object from a receiving unit in a monitoring system, the receiving unit receives transmitted signals, the receiving unit comprises an attenuating unit for attenuating the transmitted signals by a controlled factor; a receiver for receiving and processing the transmitted signals into readable data; a microcontroller for controlling the operation of the local monitoring unit; and an electronic circuitry for calculating the received strength signal indication, whereby the distance of an object from the receiving unit can be determined.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved transmitting tag for enhancing the tracking and locating capability of a monitoring system and for allowing control over accessibility to particular zones and/or equipment within a restricted area. The tag is provided with a transmitter of multiple broadcasting signals for allowing periodical broadcasting of at least two signals of different strength at different time intervals and preferably of different information content. The signals carry the tag identification code and a strength identification code. The weak signals emitted by the tag can be further exploited for allowing or denying accessibility to local operating systems.

Abstract: A monitoring and tracking system comprising a plurality of transmitting tags attachable to a plurality of monitored individuals, a plurality of monitoring devices and a central monitoring server. The transmitting tags, each having a unique code, periodically transmit data carrying signals, the signals are received by any of the local monitoring devices when a tag is within a reception range of a local monitoring device for allowing tracking the monitored individuals.

Abstract: A monitoring device, such as a watch, for monitoring, at a remote location, movements and activities of a person, the device is worn around the wrist of the person being monitored, the device comprising, a housing, a strap connected to the housing for fastening the device around the wrist of the person being monitored, a tamper sensor for detecting tampering with or the removal of the device from the person's wrist. It further includes electronic circuitry enclosed within the housing. The circuitry includes a microprocessor and a memory device for receiving and processing data and a transmitter for periodically transmitting data to a remote location and a time display, coupled to a clock mechanism, mounted in the housing so as to be displayed at the front face of the housing.

Abstract: An electronic monitoring system includes an electronic monitoring device having straps for attaching the device to a limb of a subject for monitoring, at a remote location, movements and/or other activities of the subject; a closure member to be applied to the ends of the straps to secure them together according to the size of the subject's limb to be enclosed; and a manual resetting device having electrical terminals adapted to be brought into electrical communication with electrical terminals on the strap ends when the closure member is removed for resetting the electronic monitoring device.

Abstract: An electronic monitoring device to be attached to a subject for monitoring, at a remote location, movement and/or other activities of the subject, includes a closure member incorporating an identification tag having a unique identification number stored therein. The monitoring device further includes an electronic data processor programmed to read and store the identification number of the electronic tag when the closure member is applied, and periodically thereafter, to make a determination of whether a closure member is currently attached to the subject having an identification number matching the stored identification number, and to transmit to the remote location an identification signal corresponding to such determination.