Abstract: Activation of portions of a memory is tracked to allow an affected portion of the memory to be refreshed before it is corrupted by multiple activations. An address for the accessed portion of memory, called the aggressor row, is compared to addresses stored in a content addressable memory (CAM). If the address is not already stored in the CAM, it is stored, casting out another address if necessary, and a count based on an Others value is stored in the CAM with the address. If the address is already stored in the CAM, its associated count is incremented. If a count associated with an address exceeds a threshold based on a maximum activation count, another portion of memory, such as a victim row of memory adjacent to the aggressor row of memory, is refreshed, and the count reset.

Abstract: Activation of portions of a memory is tracked to allow an affected portion of the memory to be refreshed before it is corrupted by multiple activations. An address for the accessed portion of memory, called the aggressor row, is compared to addresses stored in a content addressable memory (CAM). If the address is not already stored in the CAM, it is stored, casting out another address if necessary, and a count based on an Others value is stored in the CAM with the address. If the address is already stored in the CAM, its associated count is incremented. If a count associated with an address exceeds a threshold based on a maximum activation count, another portion of memory, such as a victim row of memory adjacent to the aggressor row of memory, is refreshed, and the count reset.