Abstract: A method of controlling an ophthalmic device operable to image an imaging region of a retina and concurrently illuminate an illumination region of the retina, the method including acquiring a reference retinal image by imaging a reference imaging area of the retina; designating a target in the reference retinal image; acquiring a current retinal image of an initial imaging region within the reference imaging area; moving the imaging region from the initial imaging region to a destination imaging region using the target and the reference retinal image, and acquiring a retinal image of the destination imaging region; illuminating the illumination region while the imaging region is the destination imaging region; acquiring one or more retinal images while the illumination module is being illuminated; and comparing a marker retinal image based on the one or more retinal image(s) with a comparison image based on the reference retinal image.

Abstract: An ophthalmic device comprising a light source to emit fixation target light, and a reflecting face to reflect scanning light emitted by an emission section and scan the scanning light in a specific direction by changing orientation, the emission section being a scanning light source different to the light source. A concave mirror face is disposed so scanning light reflected by the reflecting face is incident on a subject's eye ocular fundus when the eye is at the concave mirror's focal point, and is arranged such that, when the eye is at the concave mirror's focal point, and when the light source emits fixation target light, that light and scanning light are simultaneously incident on the ocular fundus via different optical paths propagating via the concave mirror face and focal point, the target fixation light following a predetermined optical path for fixing the subject's eye gaze.

Abstract: An ophthalmic device comprising a light source to emit fixation target light, and a reflecting face to reflect scanning light emitted by an emission section and scan the scanning light in a specific direction by changing orientation, the emission section being a scanning light source different to the light source. A concave mirror face is disposed so scanning light reflected by the reflecting face is incident on a subject's eye ocular fundus when the eye is at the concave mirror's focal point, and is arranged such that, when the eye is at the concave mirror's focal point, and when the light source emits fixation target light, that light and scanning light are simultaneously incident on the ocular fundus via different optical paths propagating via the concave mirror face and focal point, the target fixation light following a predetermined optical path for fixing the subject's eye gaze.

Abstract: The ophthalmic optical system is configured to apply an angular scanning light ray to an eye. M=|?out/?in| is defined, where ?in represents an angle between an incident light ray to the ophthalmic optical system and an optical axis of the ophthalmic optical system, and ?out represents an angle between an exiting light ray exiting from the ophthalmic optical system toward the eye and the optical axis. The ophthalmic optical system satisfies a conditional expression Mpar<Mmax, where Mpar represents M in a case that the incident light ray is a paraxial ray, Mmax represents M in a case that the incident light ray is a ray of a maximum angle of win.

Abstract: An apparatus for rendering optical coherence tomography, OCT, retinal image data, acquired by an OCT scanner scanning a retina of an eye over a range of scan locations, wherein each scan location is associated with a respective coordinate in a first coordinate system, and each pixel of the rendered OCT retinal image data is associated with a respective coordinate in a second coordinate system different from the first coordinate system. The apparatus comprises a communication module arranged to receive the OCT retinal image data, and a coordinate-determining module arranged to determine values of coordinates in the second coordinate system of pixels in the received OCT retinal image using a transformation from coordinates in the first to second coordinate system. The apparatus further comprises an interpolation module arranged to interpolate between values of pixels at the determined values to calculate values of the pixels of the rendered OCT retinal image data.

Abstract: A method of controlling an ophthalmic device operable to image an imaging region of a retina and concurrently illuminate an illumination region of the retina, the method including acquiring a reference retinal image by imaging a reference imaging area of the retina; designating a target in the reference retinal image; acquiring a current retinal image of an initial imaging region within the reference imaging area; moving the imaging region from the initial imaging region to a destination imaging region using the target and the reference retinal image, and acquiring a retinal image of the destination imaging region; illuminating the illumination region while the imaging region is the destination imaging region; acquiring one or more retinal images while the illumination module is being illuminated; and comparing a marker retinal image based on the one or more retinal image(s) with a comparison image based on the reference retinal image.

Abstract: An apparatus for rendering optical coherence tomography, OCT, retinal image data, acquired by an OCT scanner scanning a retina of an eye over a range of scan locations, wherein each scan location is associated with a respective coordinate in a first coordinate system, and each pixel of the rendered OCT retinal image data is associated with a respective coordinate in a second coordinate system different from the first coordinate system. The apparatus comprises a communication module arranged to receive the OCT retinal image data, and a coordinate-determining module arranged to determine values of coordinates in the second coordinate system of pixels in the received OCT retinal image using a transformation from coordinates in the first to second coordinate system. The apparatus further comprises an interpolation module arranged to interpolate between values of pixels at the determined values to calculate values of the pixels of the rendered OCT retinal image data.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope (1) and method for scanning a fundus (23) of an eye (9), comprising a light system (3) which produces linear light, a scanner (5) which receives at least some of the linear light and is movable about a scan axis to produce a 1D scan of the at least some linear light, and a scan transfer system (7) which receives the 1D scan from the scanner and transfers the 1D scan to the eye, wherein the scanner is positioned in the ophthalmoscope such that it receives the at least some of the linear light substantially along the scan axis, the scan transfer system positioned in the ophthalmoscope such that a pupil of the eye is provided at a focal point of the system, and the scanner is positioned in the ophthalmoscope and the scan transfer system is configured to transfer the 1D scan from the scanner through the focal point at the eye pupil and onto the eye fundus.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope (10) comprising a light source (12), a first scanner (14), a first scan transfer element (16), a second scanner (18), and a second scan transfer element (20), which provide a two-dimensional scan of incident light from an apparent point source at a pupillary point of an eye (22) onto the fundus of the eye, and which descan a two-dimensional scan of return light from the fundus of the eye to provide return light from an apparent point source at the first scanner, wherein the first scan transfer element comprises a free-form element which has a shape defined to provide aberration correction of the return light from the fundus of the eye.

Abstract: A scanning laser ophthalmoscope for scanning the retina of an eye is provided comprising a light source emitting a beam of light, scan relay elements, wherein the light source and the scan relay elements provide a two-dimensional scan of the light beam which is transferred from an apparent point source at a pupillary point of the eye to the retina of the eye, and a static aberration correction element which has a shape defined to provide correction of aberrations of at least some of the scan relay elements and a location within the ophthalmoscope chosen to provide correction of aberrations of at least some of the scan relay elements, which location maintains transfer of the beam of light from the apparent point source at the pupillary point of the eye to the retina of the eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope (10) comprising a light source (12), a first scanner (14), a first scan transfer element (16), a second scanner (18), and a second scan transfer element (20), which provide a two-dimensional scan of incident light from an apparent point source at a pupillary point of an eye (22) onto the fundus of the eye, and which descan a two-dimensional scan of return light from the fundus of the eye to provide return light from an apparent point source at the first scanner, wherein the first scan transfer element comprises a free-form element which has a shape defined to provide aberration correction of the return light from the fundus of the eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope (1) and method for scanning a fundus (23) of an eye (9), comprising a light system (3) which produces linear light, a scanner (5) which receives at least some of the linear light and is movable about a scan axis to produce a 1D scan of the at least some linear light, and a scan transfer system (7) which receives the 1D scan from the scanner and transfers the 1D scan to the eye, wherein the scanner is positioned in the ophthalmoscope such that it receives the at least some of the linear light substantially along the scan axis, the scan transfer system positioned in the ophthalmoscope such that a pupil of the eye is provided at a focal point of the system, and the scanner is positioned in the ophthalmoscope and the scan transfer system is configured to transfer the 1D scan from the scanner through the focal point at the eye pupil and onto the eye fundus.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to systems and methods for determining a correction for distortion in eye representations of an ophthalmoscope. A digital model of an optical system including the ophthalmoscope and a model eye may be constructed. The digital model may be transmitted to a ray tracing system. A ray may be passed through the optical system onto a surface of the model eye. A measurement of the ray at the surface of the model eye, with distortion, may be calculated and an angular position of a horizontal scanning element and an angular position of a vertical scanning element can be determined. Using the horizontal scanning angle and vertical scanning angle, a measurement of the ray at the surface of the model eye, without distortion, may be calculated and compared to the measurement with distortion to determine a correction for distortion in eye representations of the ophthalmoscope.

Abstract: A scanning laser ophthalmoscope for scanning the retina of an eye is provided comprising a light source emitting a beam of light, scan relay elements, wherein the light source and the scan relay elements provide a two-dimensional scan of the light beam which is transferred from an apparent point source at a pupillary point of the eye to the retina of the eye, and a static aberration correction element (30) which has a shape defined to provide correction of aberrations of at least some of the scan relay elements and a location within the ophthalmoscope chosen to provide correction of aberrations of at least some of the scan relay elements, which location maintains transfer of the beam of light from the apparent point source at the pupillary point of the eye to the retina of the eye. The present solution further provides an aberration correction element and a method of determining a shape of the aberration correction element.

Abstract: A method of determining a correction for distortion in eye representations of an ophthalmoscope comprising (i) constructing an optical description of a system comprising the ophthalmoscope and a model eye, (ii) passing a ray through the system onto a surface of the model eye, (iii) calculating an actual measurement of the ray at the surface, (iv) determining a horizontal scanning angle and a vertical scanning angle of the system for the ray, (v) calculating an expected measurement of the ray at the surface using the horizontal scanning angle and vertical scanning angle of the system, (vi) repeating steps (ii) to (v) for a plurality of further rays, and (vii) comparing the actual measurements of the rays at the surface with corresponding expected measurements of the rays at the surface to determine the correction for distortion in eye representations of the ophthalmoscope.

Abstract: PSF coding has become well known in recent years. Although it enables significant increases in the depth of field, defocus introduces artifacts in images that are a major detraction from the final image quality. A method is described that enables the deduction or defocus and consequently the removal of these artifacts. The principle of the disclosed techniques involves iteratively adjusting the restoration algorithm according to a chosen image or artifact metric and choosing the defocus parameter that yields the image the lowest level of artifact.

Abstract: PSF coding has become well known in recent years. Although it enables significant increases in the depth of field, defocus introduces artifacts in images that are a major detraction from the final image quality. A method is described that enables the deduction or defocus and consequently the removal of these artifacts. The principle of the disclosed techniques involves iteratively adjusting the restoration algorithm according to a chosen image metric and choosing the defocus parameter that yields the image the lowest level of artifact.

Abstract: PSF coding has become well known in recent years. Although it enables significant increases in the depth of field, defocus introduces artifacts in images that are a major detraction from the final image quality. A method is described that enables the deduction or defocus and consequently the removal of these artifacts. The principle of the disclosed techniques involves iteratively adjusting the restoration algorithm according to a chosen image or artifact metric and choosing the defocus parameter that yields the image the lowest level of artifact.

Abstract: PSF coding has become well known in recent years. Although it enables significant increases in the depth of field, defocus introduces artifacts in images that are a major detraction from the final image quality. A method is described that enables the deduction or defocus and consequently the removal of these artifacts. The principle of the disclosed techniques involves iteratively adjusting the restoration algorithm according to a chosen image metric and choosing the defocus parameter that yields the image the lowest level of artifact.