Abstract: Context-aware computing systems and methods are described. In particular embodiments, location aware systems and methods are described. In at least some embodiments, hierarchical tree structures are utilized to ascertain a device context or location. The tree structures can be stored on or accessible to mobile computing devices so that the devices can determine their own particular context or location. A computing device can automatically determine its context or location by ascertaining a node on one or more of the tree structures and then traversing the tree structure to ascertain the complete context.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a context or location service module, implemented in software, determines a vehicle context or a vehicle location based upon information that it receives from various context providers or location providers respectively. Software executing on a vehicle's computer can then cause one or more applications that are associated with a vehicle computer to be modified in a manner that changes their behavior.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mapping, tracking, and distributing policy to client devices. Policy, in particular lists of policy assignments are sent to client devices. A determination is made as to the changes or deltas between policy assignments that have been sent to client devices and policy assignments that must be sent to client devices. Identifying the delta policy assignments avoids the need be sent to client devices. Identifying the delta policy assignments avoids the need to send policy assignments that have not change and do not need to be sent to client devices. A server computer determines applicability of policy assignments to particular client devices, tracks if and when policy assignments have been deleted and allows the client to either receive a partial list of policy assignments that are required to update policy or a full list of policy assignments. Full, partial or not list policy assignment depends when a particular client device was last provided a policy assignment.

Abstract: Policy definition using a plurality of configuration items is described. In one or more implementations, a plurality of policies is defined, each having a different combination of a plurality of configuration items. The policies are then implemented such that each of the clients is provided a respective amount of access to one or more resources based on compliance with applicable policies.

Abstract: Context-aware computing systems and methods are described. In particular embodiments, location aware systems and methods are described. In the described embodiments, hierarchical tree structures are utilized to ascertain a device context or location. The tree structures can be stored on or accessible to mobile computing devices so that the devices can determine their own particular context or location. In one embodiment, one of the tree structures comprises a Master World tree structure that contains nodes that represent geographical divisions of the Earth. Another of the tree structures can comprise a so-called Secondary World that contains nodes that represent physical or logical entities that are organization or company specific views of the world. A computing device can automatically determine its context or location by ascertaining a node on one or more of the tree structures and then traversing the tree structure to ascertain the complete context.

Abstract: A method of certificate provisioning is provided for entities that are not associated with a domain. In some implementations, certificate provisioning methods allow non-domain-joined entities to request and receive certificates through an automated process with a certificate provisioning portal. Through the automated process, the identity of the client may be verified using security identity information. The security identity information may include a pre-shared secret or a previously issued certificate from a trusted Certificate Authority.

Abstract: A system administrator may define a vulnerability and vulnerability setting for the client machine and may associate a level of risk with the vulnerability. The client may assess the level of risk associated with the vulnerability setting on the client machine and may report data regarding the level of risk to the system administrator.

Abstract: A system and method that allows for distress or SoS messages from various managed resources to be sent to a reliable location such as a server. The server can gather the distress messages and provide a summary or health status based on the gathered distress messages.

Abstract: Context-aware systems and methods, location-aware systems and methods, context-aware vehicles and methods of operating the same, and location-aware vehicles and methods of operating the same are described. In various embodiments, a context or location service module, implemented in software, determines a vehicle context or a vehicle location based upon information that it receives from various context providers or location providers respectively. Software executing on a vehicle's computer can then cause one or more applications that are associated with a vehicle computer to be modified in a manner that changes their behavior. The behavior modification is based on the current context or location of the vehicle and thus provides a context-specific or location-specific user experience. The context or location can be ascertained through the use of one or more hierarchical tree structures that comprises individual nodes. Each node is associated with a context or location.

Abstract: Context-aware and location-aware cellular phones and methods are described. In one embodiment, cellular phones are configured to wirelessly receive information that pertains to their current context or location. The phones then automatically use the information to modify one or more cellular phone behaviors, e.g. by turning the phone off, changing the ringer's pitch, or placing the phone in a vibrate mode. In one particular embodiment, various location types are defined and have associated attributes that define a desired cellular phone behavior. One or more transmitters at a location for which a behavior is desired transmit information that pertains to the location's class type. The cell phones can carry an association of class types and their behaviors so that when the phones receive the class type information, they can automatically adjust their behavior.

Abstract: A system and method to select a software distribution server to download content from a server to a client, and to execute content on the server for the client, is described. The system and method include a client able to couple to any of the regions of a multi-region network. The client queries a server system for an identification of network software distribution servers. The client and/or server system select the software distribution server according to criteria that include in one implementation the network location of the client and the software distribution servers. In one implementation, the network is a multi-LAN network and the client and/or server system select the software distribution server coupled to the same LAN as the client.

Abstract: Context-aware computing systems and methods are described. In particular embodiments, location aware systems and methods are described. In the described embodiments, hierarchical tree structures are utilized to ascertain a device context or location. The tree structures can be stored on or accessible to mobile computing devices so that the devices can determine their own particular context or location. A computing device can automatically determine its context or location by ascertaining a node on one or more of the tree structures and then traversing the tree structure to ascertain the complete context.

Abstract: Techniques for registering certificates after the issuance of the certificates are provided. A service provider securely registers a client's identity and its certificate without depending on or using an existing basis of trust, such as that provided by domain-joined clients or a security directory (e.g., MICROSOFT's ACTIVE DIRECTORY). The service provider provides services, such as, by way of example and not a limitation, email services, web application services, application services, etc., based on identifiers (e.g., service IDs) issued to registered clients. The service provider subsequently uses the issued identifier to authenticate a client requesting a service or services, and to authorize the client to receive the requested service or services.

Abstract: A method is provided for handling failures in a computer system including a compliance checking system in a computer network. In response to a client computer failing to obtain a compliance check, a determination is made as to a category of an error that at least partially caused the failure in obtaining the compliance check. As a result, the method includes performing an action to at least partially based on the determined category of the error. In some instances, the action can include allowing the client computer to connect to the network. Another method includes receiving a definition of a configurable mitigation rule, where the configurable mitigation rule describes an action to perform at least partially based on the category of an error. Yet another method includes receiving a selection of a security level of operation of the compliance checking system.

Abstract: Context-aware computing systems and methods are described. In particular embodiments, location aware systems and methods are described. In the described embodiments, hierarchical tree structures can be utilized to ascertain a device context or location.

Abstract: Context-aware and location-aware cellular phones and methods are described. In one embodiment, cellular phones are configured to wirelessly receive information that pertains to their current context or location. The phones then automatically use the information to modify one or more cellular phone behaviors, e.g. by turning the phone off, changing the ringer's pitch, or placing the phone in a vibrate mode. In one particular embodiment, various location types are defined and have associated attributes that define a desired cellular phone behavior. One or more transmitters at a location for which a behavior is desired transmit information that pertains to the location's class type. The cell phones can carry an association of class types and their behaviors so that when the phones receive the class type information, they can automatically adjust their behavior.

Abstract: Context-aware computing systems and methods are described. In particular embodiments, location aware systems and methods are described. In the described embodiments, hierarchical tree structures are utilized to ascertain a device context or location. The tree structures can be stored on or accessible to mobile computing devices so that the devices can determine their own particular context or location. In one embodiment, one of the tree structures comprises a Master World tree structure that contains nodes that represent geographical divisions of the Earth. Another of the tree structures can comprise a so-called Secondary World that contains nodes that represent physical or logical entities that are organization or company specific views of the world. A computing device can automatically determine its context or location by ascertaining a node on one or more of the tree structures and then traversing the tree structure to ascertain the complete context.

Abstract: Context-aware and location-aware cellular phones and methods are described. In one embodiment, cellular phones are configured to wirelessly receive information that pertains to their current context or location. The phones then automatically use the information to modify one or more cellular phone behaviors, e.g. by turning the phone off, changing the ringer's pitch, or placing the phone in a vibrate mode. In one particular embodiment, various location types are defined and have associated attributes that define a desired cellular phone behavior. One or more transmitters at a location for which a behavior is desired transmit information that pertains to the location's class type. The cell phones can carry an association of class types and their behaviors so that when the phones receive the class type information, they can automatically adjust their behavior.

Abstract: Context-aware computing systems and methods are described. In some embodiments, hierarchical tree structures are utilized to ascertain a device context. The tree structures can be stored on or accessible to mobile computing devices so that the devices can determine their own particular context. A unique device architecture permits context aware computing and comprises, in at least some embodiments, a context service module, a common interface, and one or more context providers. The context providers provide information, through the common interface, that pertains to the context of a device, and the context service module processes the information to device the device's context.

Abstract: Context aware computing systems and methods are described. In one described embodiment, devices and methods are provided that are context-aware (in one example—location-aware) in that they provide for the application and enforcement of various policies as a function of context. Specifically, various computing devices, through the described methodologies and structures, are able to automatically determine their context. Once context is determined, a collection of policies can be evaluated to provide a resultant set of policies that apply to the given context. The resultant set of policies are then enforced, typically via the device's operating system. Policy enforcement can involve promulgating new settings or state to applications that are executing on or off the device. Advantageously, the devices and methodologies can adapt the resultant set of policies as the device's context changes so that the policies can be dynamically determined and enforced automatically as the device's context changes.