Abstract: A venturi-style vehicle washing system and method of washing a vehicle. The washing system and method produces large droplets of a liquid-gas mixture for washing a vehicle by mixing an energetic flow of gas carried at a first velocity through a gas conduit, with a liquid carried at a second velocity through a liquid conduit. A mixture conduit may carry the liquid-gas mixture to a vena contracta structure where: a jet forms, pressure drops, and velocity increases. The gas leaving the structure may expand to fill an outlet duct, creating turbulent vortexes in the liquid-gas mixture that transforms flowage kinetic energy to heat energy, which decreases pressure through the outlet duct. This results in increasing velocity of the liquid-gas mixture discharged onto the vehicle. The outlet duct operationally attaches to a spray arch that is sized to enable passage of a vehicle for washing with the liquid-gas mixture.

Abstract: Ozonated water may desirably have the concentration of oxygen present reduced by agitating the water at less than atmospheric pressure to remove dissolved gases. Substantially more oxygen may be removed from the water than ozone by this technique, to provide a product water which has advantages of use in electronic manufacturing operations.

Abstract: A chemically enhanced reverse osmosis water purification system and process is provided in which the inlet of a second reverse osmosis unit is coupled in series to the product water outlet of a first reverse osmosis unit. Water to be purified is conditioned by an ion exchange resin type water softener and pumped to the inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit. The product from the first reverse osmosis unit is treated with a chemical treatment agent, such as a sodium hydroxide solution, upstream of the inlet to the second reverse osmosis unit. The brine from the brine outlet of the second reverse osmosis unit is recirculated to the water flow line upstream of the first reverse osmosis unit.