Abstract: A method of optimizing operation of a furnace to control emission within a system. Each furnace zone inside of the furnace is associated with at least one exhaust zone. A signal indicative of an amount of byproduct exiting the furnace through at least one of the exhaust zones is received from one or more of the sensors. Based on this signal, an offending furnace zone is identified from among the plurality of furnace zones, the offending furnace zone including an oxygen level contributing to the amount of the byproduct. A relative adjustment of at least one of an amount of oxygen being introduced into the offending furnace zone, and an angular orientation of an oxygen injector introducing oxygen into the offending furnace zone relative to a focal region within the furnace can be initiated. The furnace may have structure to perform the method and may be part of a system.

Abstract: In an example method of configuring an adaptive module for an offline charging system, a selection is received which selects one of a plurality of charging functions. In an example, the selection is received in response to a user prompt. In another example, the plurality of charging functions includes a charging data function (CDF), a charging gateway function (CGF), an integrated CDF/CGF without Ga interface support and an integrated CDF/CGF with Ga interface support. An adaptive module is configured to conform with the selected charging function. The adaptive module has the capacity to conform to any one of the plurality of charging functions. For example, the adaptive module includes a number of program modules and the configuring step selects which of the program modules are enabled and an order in which the enabled program modules are to be executed. The configured adaptive module is executed at a physical entity (e.g., a CDF, a CGF, etc.) within the offline charging system.

Abstract: In an example method of correlating charging data records within an offline charging system, each of a plurality of sources selects a same one of a plurality of charging functions in which to route charging information associated with a given call session or event. In an example, the plurality of sources corresponds to either a plurality of network elements or a plurality of charging data functions. In another example, the plurality of charging functions corresponds to either a plurality of charging data functions or a plurality of charging gateway functions. At the selected charging function, the routed charging information is correlated.

Abstract: A system and method for policy management based routing and filtering of charging data records (CDRs) used to bill for services provided by an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). The system includes a Vortex Rule Engine (VRE), which includes handling instructions for routing CDRs, and a CDR routing unit. The CDR routing unit receives a CDR, sends a query to the VRE for handling instructions relating to the received CDR, and routes the CDR based on the handling instructions received from the VRE in response to the query. The method includes the steps of receiving a CDR from a charging data function (CDF), sending a query relating to the CDR to a vortex rule engine (VRE), and routing the CDR to a storage location based on instructions received from the VRE.

Abstract: A system and methods for communicating charging data records (CDRs) used to bill for services provided by an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). The methods provide a removed field indication in reduced partial CDRs as well as an improved redundancy mechanism for communicating partial CDRs.