Abstract: Methods of preparing desodiated and oxidized sodium nickelate materials using persulfate solution, and sodium nickelate materials prepared by such methods, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of preparing pre-aged beta nickelates using a hydroxide solution, and beta nickelates prepared by such methods. An alkaline cathode composition comprising electrolytic manganese dioxide and the desodiated and oxidized sodium nickelate and beta nickelates are also provided, as are alkaline electrochemical cells comprising these nickelates and compositions.

Abstract: Provided herein are desodiated, pre-aged sodium nickelates, which have been desodiated via acid leaching, and pre-aged using a hydroxide solution. The desodiated, pre-aged sodium nickelates exhibit improved stability. Mixtures of such nickelates with EMD, and methods of making such sodium nickelates, along with alkaline electrochemical cells comprising such are also provided herein.

Abstract: Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, wherein an organic additive is included in at least one component of the cell in order to increase electron discharge of the cathode, so as to improve the specific capacity of the cell. Methods for preparing such cells are also provided.

Abstract: Nickelate cathode materials are provided, wherein said cathode material has an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern comprising a first peak from about 40.0-41.6 2?, and a second peak from about 62.6-63.0 2 ?. Methods of preparing such cathode materials are also provided. Alkaline electrochemical cells comprising said cathode materials are also provided.

Abstract: Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, containing cathodes with a nickel compound active material, wherein active material particles are coated with at least one of a number of materials so as to improve the shelf life of the electrochemical cell. Methods of preparing such cathodes and electrochemical cells are also provided.

Abstract: Nickelate cathode materials are provided, wherein said cathode material has an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern comprising a first peak from about 40.0-41.6 2?, and a second peak from about 62.6-63.0 2?. Methods of preparing such cathode materials are also provided. Alkaline electrochemical cells comprising said cathode materials are also provided.

Abstract: Substituted ramsdellite manganese dioxide (R—MnO2) compounds are provided, where a portion of the Mn is replaced by at least one alternative cation, or a portion of the O is replaced by at least one alternative anion. Electrochemical cells incorporating substituted R—MnO2 into the cathode, as well as methods of preparing the substituted R—MnO2, are also provided.

Abstract: Nickelate cathode materials are provided, wherein said cathode material has an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern comprising a first peak from about 40.0-41.6 2?, and a second peak from about 62.6-63.0 2?. Methods of preparing such cathode materials are also provided. Alkaline electrochemical cells comprising said cathode materials are also provided.

Abstract: Substituted ramsdellite manganese dioxide (R—MnO2) compounds are provided, where a portion of the Mn is replaced by at least one alternative cation, or a portion of the O is replaced by at least one alternative anion. Electrochemical cells incorporating substituted R—MnO2 into the cathode, as well as methods of preparing the substituted R—MnO2, are also provided.

Abstract: Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, containing cathodes with a nickel compound active material, wherein active material particles are coated with at least one of a number of materials so as to improve the shelf life of the electrochemical cell. Methods of preparing such cathodes and electrochemical cells are also provided.

Abstract: Substituted ?-MnO2 compounds are provided, where a portion of the Mn is replaced by at least one alternative element. Electrochemical cells incorporating substituted ?-MnO2 into the cathode, as well as methods of preparing the substituted ?-MnO2, are also provided.

Abstract: A hydrogen generator and a method of producing hydrogen gas using stabilized aluminum hydroxide and water are disclosed. The hydrogen generator contains stabilized aluminum hydride, water, a base, and a reaction chamber within which at least a portion of the stabilized aluminum hydride reacts with at least a portion of the water to produce hydrogen gas. The water that reacts with the stabilized aluminum hydride is contained in a basic aqueous solution including at least a portion of the base. The base can be included with the water in the basic aqueous solution, stored in a reservoir separate from the stabilized aluminum hydroxide, or the base can be a solid contained in a mixture with the stabilized aluminum hydroxide and mix with water when added to the mixture to form the basic aqueous solution.

Abstract: Alkaline electrochemical cells are provided, wherein an organic additive is included in at least one component of the cell in order to increase electron discharge of the cathode, so as to improve the specific capacity of the cell. Methods for preparing such cells are also provided.

Abstract: Substituted ?-MnO2 compounds are provided, where a portion of the Mn is replaced by at least one alternative element. Electrochemical cells incorporating substituted ?-MnO2 into the cathode, as well as methods of preparing the substituted ?-MnO2, are also provided.

Abstract: A hydrogen generator is provided for generating hydrogen gas for a fuel cell stack. The hydrogen generator includes a container, and a liquid reactant storage area configured to contain a liquid including a first reactant. The hydrogen generator also includes a reaction area within the container, and a solid containing a second reactant within the reaction area and having a concentration gradient that varies along an axis such as length of the solid. The hydrogen generator further includes a liquid delivery member for delivering the liquid to the solid in the reaction area to generate hydrogen. The concentration gradient controls a reaction rate of the first and second reactants.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel unit for a gas generator such as a hydrogen gas generator that can supply gas to a gas consuming system such as a fuel cell system. The fuel unit includes a housing containing a solid fuel composition and a heat producing material. The fuel composition contains gas releasing solid material that reacts to release gas when heated. The heat producing material reacts exothermically to produce heat. A plurality of quantities of the heat producing material are in thermal communication with corresponding portions of an unsegregated quantity the fuel composition such that, following initiation of a reaction of each quantity of the heat producing material, the quantity of heat producing material will heat the corresponding portion of the unsegregated quantity of the fuel composition, and the corresponding portion of the unsegregated quantity of the fuel composition will react to release a quantity of the gas.

Abstract: A hydrogen generator and a fuel cell system including a fuel cell battery and the hydrogen generator. The hydrogen generator includes a cartridge, a housing with a cavity to removably contain the cartridge, and an initiation system. The cartridge includes a casing; a plurality of pellets including a hydrogen containing material; a plurality of solid heat transfer members in contact with but not penetrating the casing; a hydrogen outlet in the casing; and a hydrogen flow path from each pellet to the hydrogen outlet. A plurality of heating elements is disposed inside the housing. When the cartridge is in the cavity, each heating element is disposed so heat can be conducted from the heating element and through the casing and corresponding heat transfer member to initiate the release of hydrogen gas. The initiation system can selectively heat one or more pellets to release hydrogen gas as needed.

Abstract: A hydrogen generator and method for generating hydrogen gas for a fuel cell stack. The hydrogen generator includes container, and a first reactant storage area configured to contain a liquid first reactant. The hydrogen generator also includes a reaction area and a solid second reactant within the reaction area, and a hydrogen outlet. The hydrogen generator further includes a flexible liquid delivery member extending into the reaction area and configured to deliver liquid reactant from the first reactant storage area to the reaction area. The flexible liquid delivery member includes a flexible portion that flexes to allow the delivery member to move with the solid second reactant as the second reactant is consumed.

Abstract: A hydrogen generator and a method of producing hydrogen gas using stabilized aluminum hydroxide and water are disclosed. The hydrogen generator contains stabilized aluminum hydride, water, a base, and a reaction chamber within which at least a portion of the stabilized aluminum hydride reacts with at least a portion of the water to produce hydrogen gas. The water that reacts with the stabilized aluminum hydride is contained in a basic aqueous solution including at least a portion of the base. The base can be included with the water in the basic aqueous solution, stored in a reservoir separate from the stabilized aluminum hydroxide, or the base can be a solid contained in a mixture with the stabilized aluminum hydroxide and mix with water when added to the mixture to form the basic aqueous solution.

Abstract: A hydrogen generator and a fuel cell system including a fuel cell battery and the hydrogen generator. The hydrogen generator includes a cartridge, a housing with a cavity to removably contain the cartridge, and an initiation system. The cartridge includes a casing; a plurality of pellets including a hydrogen containing material; a plurality of solid heat transfer members in contact with but not penetrating the casing; a hydrogen outlet in the casing; and a hydrogen flow path from each pellet to the hydrogen outlet. A plurality of heating elements is disposed inside the housing. When the cartridge is in the cavity, each heating element is disposed so heat can be conducted from the heating element and through the casing and corresponding heat transfer member to initiate the release of hydrogen gas. The initiation system can selectively heat one or more pellets to release hydrogen gas as needed.