Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method of freezing a liquid substance contained in at least one receptacle, comprising the steps of: providing the liquid substance in at least one receptacle, providing a cooling chamber and a cooling device having a cooling surface; setting the temperature of the cooling surface, starting a freezing procedure by placing the receptacle with the liquid substance therein on the cooling surface to form a seed or initial zone of nucleation; and continuing the freezing procedure to completely freeze the substance.

Abstract: In a method for assembling a plurality of component individual parts in stages to form a complex composite component, in order to achieve as high an accuracy as possible of the finished component, the individual parts are positioned relative to one another and fixed during the staged assembly process, such that there may be no need for any reclamping of the intermediate component between the individual assembly stages. For this purpose, a clamping frame is used, which is first equipped with some clamping elements, into which is introduced a first set of component individual elements which are assembled together with one another to form an intermediate component. In the second step, the clamping frame is equipped with further clamping elements, into which the component individual elements corresponding to them are introduced, and, in a further assembly step, these further component individual elements are assembled together with the intermediate component to form the finished component.

Abstract: In a method for assembling a plurality of component individual parts in stages to form a complex composite component, in order to achieve as high an accuracy as possible of the finished component, the individual parts are positioned relative to one another and fixed during the staged assembly process, such that there may be no need for any reclamping of the intermediate component between the individual assembly stages. For this purpose, a clamping frame is used, which is first equipped with some clamping elements, into which is introduced a first set of component individual elements which are assembled together with one another to form an intermediate component. In the second step, the clamping frame is equipped with further clamping elements, into which the component individual elements corresponding to them are introduced, and, in a further assembly step, these further component individual elements are assembled together with the intermediate component to form the finished component.

Abstract: A contact tube for supplying current in the case of a welding torch, having a tube body which contains a coaxial passage opening for a welding wire, the tube body containing a receiving opening coaxial to the passage opening, into which receiving opening at least one current transmission sleeve is inserted which consists of a material particularly suitable for transmitting current to the welding wire and which contains a coaxial passage which forms an axial section of the passage opening. Additionally, at least one guiding sleeve is inserted into the receiving opening, which guiding sleeve consists of a material particularly suitable for guiding the welding wire and which contains a coaxial passage which also forms an axial section of the passage opening.

Abstract: The chain mail fabric of a protective garment is impregnated with an elastomeric material to impart elastic characteristics to the fabric. In a first embodiment of such a garment construction, a chain mail glove includes a glove portion with an open end and a cuff portion attached to the open end of the glove portion. The cuff portion comprises a plurality of interconnected rows of wire rings which extend laterally around a wrist in encircling relation so that the cuff portion is expandable in diameter. The cuff portion is impregnated with an elastomeric latex material to impart elasticity to the cuff. In use, the cuff elastically encircles the wrist without bunching or gathering of the material, yet it is expandable in diameter to extend a hand therethrough. In a second embodiment, an arm protector includes a sleeve portion and cuff portions at each end of the sleeve.

Abstract: A reversible glove construction includes a cuff portion including a pair of connected side-by-side cuff strips and a reversible glove portion which is secured to the cuff portion between the cuff strips. The glove portion is preferably made of a protective wire mesh sheet material; and because the glove portion is secured to the cuff portion between the cuff strips, the glove is securable on either hand of a wearer in a position wherein one of the cuff strips overlies the open end portion of the glove and the other cuff strip overlies the adjacent portion of the wearer's wrist.

Abstract: A method for structuring silicon carbide by photolithography and plasma etching wherein a substrate of silicon carbide is covered on a flat side with a structured silicon layer, and the plasma etching is then carried out with a gaseous mixture of a halogenated hydrocarbon and oxygen, the oxygen being present in an amount of at least 40% and preferably 70 to 95% by volume.

Abstract: A light emitting diode has a substrate body consisting of silicon carbide, which is transmissive for the luminescent radiation generated by the diode. The diode has a first epitaxially deposited layer, consisting of silicon carbide of a first conductivity type, disposed on the substrate body, and a second epitaxially deposited layer of silicon carbide of a second conductivity type disposed on the first layer. The diode has one electrode connected to the second layer and another electrode connected to an exposed portion of the first layer.