Abstract: An apparatus for the injection of fuel into combustion chambers, in particular of self-igniting internal combustion engines, having an injection nozzle (10) and a subsequent glow body (20), which has a conduit (30) surrounded by heatable walls (26) and serving for the passage therethrough of the injected streams. At least one lateral opening (32) discharges into this conduit (30), the opening preferably communicating with a region (46) of the combustion chamber (36) remote from the core region of the ignition. The air aspirated through the lateral opening (32) warms up and enters into the peripheral zone of the injected streams, where the result is an air-fuel ratio and temperature conditions which are very favorable for ignition. Less heat energy is required to initiate the ignition than in the known apparatus of this general type.

Abstract: An apparatus for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, having an injection nozzle and following the injection nozzle a partition (12, 23, 29) which is provided with through openings (13) for the injection streams and is embodied as a guide device for a partial flow of combustion air, which flow is accelerated by the injector action of the fuel streams in the through openings (13). A device (26, 24, 32) for preheating the partial flow of combustion air is also secured to the partition (12, 23, 29). In this apparatus, the partial flow of combustion air circulates virtually continuously through the partition (12, 23, 29) embodied as a guide device, and the acceleration caused by the injector action of the fuel streams increases with increasing engine rpm. This has the advantage that over the entire power and rpm range of the engine, a uniform course of combustion and a reduction of toxic emissions is attainable.

Abstract: Device for fuel injection in combustion chambers of, in particular, selfigniting combustion engines with an injection nozzle (10) and a subsequently switched incandescent wire (20) which has a conduit (30) surrounded by a double heating layer (33) on the inside for passing through of the injection streams. The double heating layer (33) consists of an inner heating layer (35) which is separated from a second heating layer (37) by an electrical insulator. In the parallel as well as the series switching of the two heating layers (35,37), a two stage heating of the double heating layer (33) is possible. The inner heating layer (35) reaches the required end temperature required for ignition in a relative short time, while the second heating layer (37) assures a high energy density of the ceramic support mass (38).

Abstract: A device for injecting fuel in combustion chambers, especially for self-igniting internal combustion engines, is proposed, in which a fuel injection nozzle, by aspirating air through an air guide device in the manner of a jet pump, generates a fuel spray that is surrounded by an air envelope. This air-enveloped fuel spray is directed through a heating element, the heat generation of which is distributed in such a manner over its length that a desired heating profile along the heating element is produced. The type of heating profile depends not only on the properties of the material making up the heating resistor but also on its structural makeup and its electrical bonding. A highly suitable material for the heating resistor is molybdenum silicide (MoSi.sub.2).

Abstract: A cooling arrangement for liquid-cooled internal combustion engines, with the cooling arrangement including a heat exchanger constructed as a radiator for effecting cooling between air and a coolant liquid. The cooling arrangement includes a housing accommodating a thermostat with a mixing chamber, defined in the housing, being connected with a return flow coolant tank. The thermostat is adapted to provide for temperature dependent regulated portions of cooled and uncooled liquid coolant flowing into the mixing chamber. The housing of the thermostat, a bypass connection piece, and an outlet connection of the housing are molded, in one piece to the return flow coolant tank of the heat exchanger. A lid or cover provided with recesses as well as window-like openings formed in a portion of the housing form an inside connection between the return flow coolant tank and the mixing chamber with the connection being controlled by a radiator valve disk of a thermostat insert of the thermostat.

Abstract: An arrangement for determining the axial play between the stator and the rotor of an electric motor, especially of a small-size electric motor, includes resilient elements which mount the respective electric motor on a stationary support for oscillatory movement relative thereto, an electromagnet which causes the electric motor to oscillate in a predetermined path at such a frequency and amplitude that, so long as there is an axial play between the rotor and axial bearings thereof, the rotor will conduct movement not only with, but also relative to, the stator, which results in axial impacts between the rotor and the axial bearing and in a complex motion of the stator which has the effect of the impacts superimposed on the basic motion. The arrangement further includes a sensor which detects the complex motion and generates an electric signal representative thereof.

Abstract: A cooling system and a method of operation of a cooling system for an internal combustion engine in which the coolant is a heat-retaining storage medium capable of being super-cooled. A suitable medium is found to be, especially, sodium acetate trihydrate mixed with water. The coolant according to the invention may be caused to solidify and crystallize just prior to an intended engine starting, thereby releasing the latent heat of fusion and preheating the engine. The preheating of the engine results in reduced run-up times, a reduced degree of fuel enrichment during cold starting, a decrease in toxic exhaust components during cold starting and decreased water and tear. The invention provides for valves in the cooling system which isolate the engine from the remainder of the cooling system until the coolant has been reliquified completely.